| Directory > Reference > Encyclopedias > Subject Encyclopedias > Spartacus Educational > Railways in the 19th Century Birmingham & Derby
Opened in 1839 but it was not a great financial success, Merged with other lines to form the
Midland Railway.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAderby.htm
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York
Became the most important junction on the east coast route to Scotland and eventually the main
locomotive works for the North Eastern Railway.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITyork.htm
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Leicester
Capital of Coritani in Roman Britain and became an important center of hosiery manufacture during
the 18th century. Includes brief history of its railway lines.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITleicester.htm
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Swindon
Small town until the coming of railways, located eighty miles from London. Station on the London
to Bristol line and site of a locomotive works.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITswindon.htm
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Leeds
Wool center of England in the 16th century. Had the oldest horse-drawn railroad in the world,
built in 1758. Was a station on the Manchester and Leeds Railway. Includes brief history and
painting by Atkinson Grimshaw.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITleeds.htm
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Swansea
Situated on the south coast of Wales. Served by the Swansea and Mumbles horse-drawn line along
Swansea Bay, that served local quarries and coal mines. Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITswansea.htm
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Liverpool
Port on the north bank of the estuary of the Mersey. The Liverpool and Manchester railway opened
in 1830 and was a great success. Includes brief history, painting by Atkinson Grimshaw and
selections from various authors.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITliverpool.htm
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Stoke
Became the center of the pottery industry. The North Staffordshire Railway opened its first line
to Stoke in 1848. Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITstoke.htm
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Southampton
Seaport standing on the peninsula between the mouths of the rivers Test and Itchen. Served by the
London and Southampton Railway Company which began transporting people and goods between
Southampton and London in 1837. Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITsouthampton.htm
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Glasgow
City in Scotland, known for its university and shipyards. Important lines included the Garnkirk
and Glasgow, the Edinburgh and Glasgow, and the Caledonian Railway that linked the main industrial
centers of England with Glasgow. Includes brief history and selections from works of several
authors.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITglasgow.htm
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Preston
Port at the head of the estuary of the River Ribble. Noted for its wool weaving industry and cotton
mill. In 1838 the National Union Railway linked Preston to London, Liverpool and Manchester.
Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITpreston.htm
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Exeter
Situated on the River Exe. Part of the Bristol and Exeter line, completed in 1844. Includes brief
history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITexeter.htm
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Portsmouth
Was the main harbor used by the British Navy. Railway lines were built to Portsmouth from
Chichester and Brighton. Includes short history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITportsmouth.htm
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Edinburgh
Capital city of Scotland. Location of the Edinburgh and Leith, and the Edinburgh and Glasgow
lines. Includes history and selections from the works of several writers.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITedinburgh.htm
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Dundee
Seaport in Scotland on the Firth of Tay. Location of he Dundee and Newryle line, the Dundee and
Arbroath, and a line to Aberdeen. Includes notes about major industries and population figures.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITdundee.htm
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Derby
Located on the River Derwent. Became the headquarters of the Midland Railway in the 19th century.
Includes brief details of industries and history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITderby.htm
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Oldham
Center of woolen trade and later a site of cotton mills, with over 213 by 1838. Railways also
helped its growth. Was a branch of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. Includes photo and brief
history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/IToldham.htm
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Chichester
In 1844 the London and Brighton Railway Company built a line to Chichester. By 1847 Chichester was
also linked by rail to Portsmouth and Southampton.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITchichester.htm
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Crewe
Originally, a small hamlet with only a wayside station beside a turnpike road. Became the junction
of three lines. Includes brief summary of its railways.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITcrewe.htm
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Norwich
Situated on the River Wensum and established as a major center of the wool trade during the Middle
Ages. Includes brief history of the town's railways.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITnorwich.htm
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Cardiff
Coastal town in Wales and a station on the Taff Vale Railway. Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITcardiff.htm
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Bristol
Was a major wool-exporting port. Station for several railway lines including the Great Western
Railway, Bristol and Exeter Railway, and the Bristol and Gloucester Railway. Includes brief
history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITbristol.htm
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Newcastle
Situated on the River Tyne. Was a commercial and industrial center and location of Newcastle and
Darlington Railway, Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, and the York and Newcastle Railway.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITnewcastle.htm
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Brighton
Popular seaside resort in Britain, served by the London to Brighton Railway. Includes brief
history, painting and selections from the works of various writers.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITbrighton.htm
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Merthyr Tydfil
Noted for its ironworks and part of the Taff Vale Railway Company. Includes brief history and
illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITmerthyr.htm
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Bradford
Center for woolen and textile trades. Site of Leeds and Bradford Railway, which opened in 1846.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITbradford.htm
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Manchester
Situated on the east bank of the River Irwell and was noted for its cotton industry. Includes
brief history of its railway lines and selections from the works of various writers.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITmanchester.htm
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Birmingham
Became one of the most important trade centers in Britain. One of the major cities of the London to
Birmingham line completed in 1838.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITbirmingham.htm
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London
Settled by the Romans in the first century A.D. and known as Londinium. Includes brief history of
its railway lines, a painting by Jan Griffier and selections from the writings of various authors.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITlondon.htm
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Aberdeen
Seaport on the northeast coast of Scotland. Site of the Aberdeen Railway which opened in April,
1850. Includes brief history and excerpt from a work by Daniel Defoe.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITaberdeen.htm
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Euston Station
Built in 1838 for the London and Birmingham Railway. Includes brief details and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAeustonST.htm
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York Station
Built to accommodate trains on the York and Midland Railway, and the Great Northern Railway.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAyorkST.htm
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St Pancras Station
Designed by Gilbert Scott and built in 1868. Includes brief details and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAstpancrasST.htm
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Newcastle Station
Built in 1848 and was the junction point of four routes in Newcastle. Includes illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAnewcastleST.htm
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Brighton Station
Part of the London and Brighton Railway. Building was finished in September, 1841. Includes
photo.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbrightonST.htm
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London Bridge Station
Designed by Thomas Turner and Henry Roberts and became the administrative headquarters of the
London and Brighton Railway. Includes illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAlondonST.htm
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Birmingham Station
Built in 1838 in the classical style with an Ionic portico. Departure point for north as well as
the southbound trains. Includes illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbirminghamST.htm
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Liverpool Station
Served passengers as well as goods facilities and accommodation for coal merchants. Relegated to a
goods and engineering maintenance depot in 1836. Includes painting by Thomas Bury.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAliverpoolST.htm
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Thomas Creevey
In the House of Commons led the fight against railways. Includes brief biography. (1768-1838)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRcreevey.htm
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1844 Railway Act
Required each company to run one passenger train daily at the cheap rate of one penny a mile (1.6
km) and provide carriage seats that offered protection from bad weather. Includes details.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RA1844.htm
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Railway Post
First used by Grand Junction Railway in 1837. Includes details of a traveling post office
carriage.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAjunction.htm
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Box Tunnel
Located on the London to Bristol line. Includes details of construction and a lithograph.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbox.htm
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Railway Gauges
Included broad and standard measurement. Gives brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAgauge.htm
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Blisworth Cutting
Near Northampton. Engineering project involving excavation of rock and clay. Estimated over a
million cubic yards of material was dug, quarried or blasted out.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAblisworth.htm
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Kilsby Tunnel
Part of the London and Birmingham line. Was 2,400 yards long and took 1,250 men nearly two years to
build. Includes brief history of engineering problems.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAkilsby.htm
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Passenger Carriages
Looked very much like a stage coach carriage and were drawn by horses. Includes details and a
drawing.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAexperiment.htm
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Rack Railways
Patented by John Blenkinsop in 1811 and involved the combination of a locomotive cogwheel and
toothed rack rail. Includes brief description and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RArack.htm
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Steam Circus
Circular railway in London where people paid to ride in a carriage pulled by a locomotive.
Includes brief details and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAcircular.htm
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Wooden Wagonway
Horse-drawn railway used to transport coal. Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAwood.htm
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William Powell Frith
Artist who painted The Railway Station in 1862. Includes brief biography and illustration.
(1819-1909)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAfrith.htm
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David Octavius Hill
Artist who produced a set of engravings of the Garnkirk and Glasgow Railway in 1831 and
photographed other railway scenes. Includes brief biography. (1802-1870)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAhill.htm
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J. M. W. Turner
One of Britain's leading topographical watercolorists who painted Rain, Steam and Speed - The Great
Western Railway. Includes brief biography and illustration. (1775-1851)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAturner.htm
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Thomas Bury
Artist who produced a series of paintings of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. Includes
illustration of the Liverpool Crown Street Station. (1811-1877)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAburyT.htm
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John Cooke Bourne
Lithograph artist who produced the book, Drawings of the London and Birmingham Railway. Includes
illustration. (1814-1896)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbourne.htm
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John Leech
Illlustrator who produced a series of cartoons attacking railway mania and warning of the dangers
of rail transport. (1817-1864)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAleech.htm
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James Wilson Carmichael
Artist who published a set of engravings entitled Views of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway.
Includes brief biography and illustration. (1800-1868)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jcarmichael.htm
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George Walker
Artist who did a series of paintings for the book Costume of Yorkshire. Included the first ever
painting of a locomotive, the Salamanca at Middleton Colliery. Includes brief biography.
(1781-1856)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/JwalkerG.htm
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Third Class Travel
Train carriages open at the sides and did not provide passengers with any protection from the
weather or the pollution created by the locomotive.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAthird.htm
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Second Class Travel
Offered benches and were open at the sides. Includes brief details and lithograph.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAsecond.htm
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First Class Travel
Early carriages were similar to traveling inside a stage coach but had provision for carrying
luggage on the roofs. Includes brief details of design improvements made by Nathaniel Worsdell and
a lithograph.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAfirst.htm
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Moorish Arch
Was an ornate feature on the Stockton and Darlington line. Removed in the 1860s. Includes
lithograph.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAmoorish.htm
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Sankey Viaduct
Nine arch brick structure on the Liverpool and Manchester line. Includes building details and
illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAsankey.htm
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Gradient Profile
Includes sketch of Liverpool and Manchester Route.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAgradient.htm
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Chat Moss
Peat bog which was part of the railway route between Liverpool and Manchester. Includes brief
history of engineering project.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAchat.htm
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Olive Mount
Location of rock cut project on the Liverpool and Manchester line. Includes brief details and
painting by Thomas Bury.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAolive.htm
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Rainhill Trials
Competition between stationary engines and locomotives held by the Liverpool and Manchester
Company. Includes details of the event and a drawing.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RArainhill.htm
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London and North Western Railway
Amalgamation of three companies, London and Birmingham, Grand Junction Railway, and Manchester and
Birmingham in 1846. Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAnorthwestern.htm
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North Eastern Railway
Formed in 1854 with merger of three companies, York and North Midland, Leeds Northern and the York,
Newcastle and Berwick. Includes brief history of the line.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAeastern.htm
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Great Northern Railway
Provided service between London and York. Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAnorthern.htm
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Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway
Opened in 1842. Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAedinburgh.htm
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Bristol and Exeter
Completed in 1844. Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbristol.htm
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London and Croydon Railway
Opened in 1839. Merged later with the London and Brighton line. Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAcroydon.htm
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Leeds and Selby
Authorized by Parliament in 1830. Includes brief history of the line.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAselby.htm
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Midland Counties Railway
Line was opened in 1836 and ran from Derby, Leicester, Rugby and Nottingham. Includes brief
history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAcounties.htm
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York and North Midland Railway
Opened in 1839 and became part of the great trunk route from London to York via Rugby and Derby.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAyork.htm
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Manchester and Leeds
Opened in 1839. Includes brief details of its construction.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAmanchester.htm
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London and Brighton Railway
Completed in September, 1841 and used over 3,500 men and 570 horses in its construction. Includes
brief history and selections from various writers.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbrighton.htm
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Great Western Railway
Linked London and Bristol and was completed in 1841. Includes brief history of the line and photo
of the locomotive, The Great Western.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAgreat.htm
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Taff Vale Railway
Completed in 1841, Transported goods from Merthyr Tydfil to Cardiff.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAtaff.htm
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Midland Railway
Formed by George Hudson with amalgamation of the York and North Midland, Midland Counties, North
Midland Railway, and the Birmingham and Derby. Includes brief history and photo.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAmidland.htm
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Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
Formed when the Manchester and Leeds Railway acquired eight smaller companies. Includes brief
history of the line.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAyorkshire.htm
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Caledonian Railway
Established in 1845 and went to Glasgow via Edinburgh. Includes brief history and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAcaledonian.htm
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Grand Junction Railway
Established in 1833. Includes brief history and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAgrand.htm
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London and Greenwich
Opened in 1836. Includes brief history and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAgreenwich.htm
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Bolton and Leigh
Line built by George Stephenson and opened in 1828.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbolton.htm
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London and Birmingham
Opened in stages and finally completed in 1838. Was 112 miles long and took 20,000 men nearly five
years to build. Includes brief history and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbirmingham.htm
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L & M Railway Company
Was 31 miles long and consisted of a double line of rails of the fish-bellied type and laid on
stone or timber sleepers. Includes brief history and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAliverpool.htm
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Canterbury and Whitstable
Railway line opened in 1830. Includes brief history and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAcanterbury.htm
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Stockton and Darlington
Opened on September 27, 1825. Includes brief history, painting and selections from works of
various writers.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAstockton.htm
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Swansea and Mumbles Railway
Opened for freight traffic in 1806 and transported passengers the following year. Became the first
example of the regular conveyance of passengers by railway in the world. Includes brief history of
the line.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAswansea.htm
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Great Western
Locomotive produced by Daniel Gooch in 1846. Includes brief details and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAwestern.htm
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Iron Duke
Locomotive designed and built by Daniel Gooch in 1847. Includes description and drawing.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAiron.htm
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Jenny Lind
Steam locomotive on the London and Brighton Railway. Includes brief description and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAjenny.htm
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Victoria
Locomotive designed by Edward Bury for the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. Includes brief
description and photo.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAvictoria.htm
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Lancashire Witch
Locomotive built by Robert Stephenson in 1828. Includes description and drawing.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAlancashire.htm
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Northumbrian
Steam locomotive built in 1830. Includes brief description and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAnorthumbrian.htm
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The Rocket
Locomotive built by Robert Stephenson in 1829. Includes description, history and a drawing.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RArocket.htm
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Sans Pareil
Steam locomotive built by Timothy Hackworth. Includes description, history and a drawing.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAsans.htm
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Locomotion
First railway locomotive built in September, 1825. Includes brief history and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAlocomotion.htm
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Novelty
Steam locomotive built by John Ericsson and John Braithwaite. Includes brief description and
illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAnovelty.htm
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The Blutcher
Steam locomotive, named for the general in the Prussian Army, who helped Britain to defeat
Napoleon. Built by George Stephenson. Includes details and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAblutcher.htm
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Wylam Locomotive
Built by Richard Trevithick in 1804. Includes brief description and drawing.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAwylam.htm
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Puffing Billy
Steam locomotive in use at the Wylam Colliery in 1860. Includes description and photo.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RApuffing.htm
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Penydarren
Locomotive built in 1803 by Richard Trevithick. Includes brief details and illustration.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RApenydarren.htm
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William Arrol
Formed company that built a railway viaduct at Greenock and in 1878 secured the contract for the
Caledonian Railway Bridge over the Clyde. Includes brief biography. (1839-1913)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAarrol.htm
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Edmund Denison
Appointed parliamentary counsel for the Great Northern Railway. Also involved in promoting the
line that linked the Great Northern Railway with the Liverpool and Manchester Railway in 1865, and
the GNR's Derbyshire and Staffordshire Bill in 1872. (1816-1905)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAdenison.htm
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Samuel Laing
Law clerk who helped draft the 1844 Railway Act. Chairman of the London and Brighton Railway in
1848. Includes brief biography. (1812-1897)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAlaing.htm
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Thomas Brassey
Builder of the Paris and Le Havre Railway in France, the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway, the
Caledonian Railway, the Great Northern Railway, Tilbury and Southend Railway, Shrewsbury and
Hereford Railway, and Grand Trunk Railway in Canada. (1805-1870)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbrassey.htm
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George Bradshaw
Formed a company to publish railway timetables. The first issue of Bradshaw's Monthly Railway Guide
appeared in 1838.(1801-1853)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbradshaw.htm
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Henry Booth
Early advocate of railways. Worked for the Liverpool and Manchester Railway until the company was
merged with the Grand Junction Railway in 1845. (1788-1869)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbooth.htm
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George Hudson
Builder of railways. He controlled 1,016 miles of railway track and obtained the title, the
Railway King. Includes brief biography. (1800-1871)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAhudson.htm
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William Hulton
Between 1824 and 1828 was involved in the planning and construction of the Bolton and Leigh
Railway. In 1830 the line was linked to the Manchester and Liverpool Railway at Kenyon Junction.
Includes brief biography. (1787-1864)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRhulton.htm
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Joseph Sandars
Formed the Liverpool and Manchester Railway Company. Includes brief biography.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAsandars.htm
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William James
Involved in building of railways and produced his Preliminary Report on the Survey of Investigation
for a Line of Engine Railroad from Liverpool to Manchester. Includes brief biography. (1771-1837)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAjames.htm
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Edward Pease
Partner in company to manufacture locomotives. Includes brief biography. (1767-1858)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RApease.htm
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George Rennie
Engineer responsible for building Waterloo Bridge and Southwick Bridge in London. Established
company that built sixteen locomotives. (1791-1866)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RArennie.htm
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John Rastrick
Engineer of the Stratford and Moreton Railway, the London and Brighton, the Bolton and Preston,
Gravesend and Rochester, and the Nottingham and Grantham line. Includes brief biography.
(1780-1856)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RArastrick.htm
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Charles Vignoles
Surveyor and engineer. Worked on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, St Helens and Runcorn
Railway, Dublin and Kingstown, and the Midland Counties lines. Includes brief biography.
(1793-1875)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAvignoles.htm
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Nicholas Wood
Short biography of an early pioneer in steam locomotives. Includes selected writings and
correspondence. (1795-1865)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAwoodN.htm
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Matthew Murray
Designed steam locomotives. Includes brief details of his work and a diagram. (1765-1826)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAmurray.htm
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Edward Bury
Railway engineer whose design combined horizontal inside cylinders with a horizontal tubular
boiler. Became general manager and engineer of the Great Northern Railway. He also advised on the
building of three railway towns, Swindon, Wolverton and Doncaster. (1794-1858)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbury.htm
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Daniel Gooch
Superintendent of the Great Western Railway and was responsible for the Severn Tunnel project.
Includes brief biography. (1816-1889)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAgooch.htm
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George Bidder
First person to design and build a railway swing bridge. Also one of the founders of the first
company formed to provide telegraphic communication. (1806-1878)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbidder.htm
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Joseph Locke
Joint chief engineer of the Grand Junction Railway. Became first railway engineer to realize
locomotives would gradually be able to overcome steep gradients. (1805-1860)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAlocke.htm
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Isambard Kingdom Brunel
Brief life history of the 19th century engineer who worked on the Thames Tunnel and the Great
Western Railway. (1806-1859)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAbrunel.htm
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Robert Stephenson
Founder of the first company in the world that built locomotives. Includes brief biography, photo
and selections from the works of various writers. (1803-1859)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAstephensonR.htm
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George Stephenson
Early railroad pioneer who, with his son Robert, became the world's first locomotive builder.
Engineered many railways and worked to improve the quality of steam engines. Includes biography
and selections from letters and other writings. (1781-1848)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAstephensonG.htm
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John Blenkinsop
Produced locomotives, including the Salamanca, which weighed five tons and was capable of hauling a
load of ninety tons at four mph. Includes brief description.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAblenkinsop.htm
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Timothy Hackworth
Designer of steam locomotives. Includes brief biography and a drawing of his six-wheel engine, the
Royal George. (1786-1850)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAhackworth.htm
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William Jessop
Engineer involved in the Surrey Iron Railway project. Includes brief biography. (1745-1814)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAjessop.htm
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William Hedley
Produced steam locomotives, including Puffing Billy and Wylam Dilly. Includes brief biography and
photo. (1779-1843)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAhedley.htm
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Richard Trevithick
Builder of steam locomotives. Includes brief biography, illustrations and selections from various
writers. (1771-1833)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RAtrevithick.htm
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Middlesbrough
Situated on the south bank of the Tees estuary. Noted for its ironworks and railway line.
Includes brief history.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/ITmiddlesbrough.htm
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