| Directory > Society > History > By Region > Europe > Russia > Soviet Union > Library of Congress Archives Library of Congress Soviet Archives Exhibit
An introduction to the exhibit.
http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Experimental/soviet.exhibit/soviet.archive.html
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Soviet Archives: Entrance Room
NCSA-hosted mirror site with inline thumbnail images.
http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Experimental/soviet.exhibit/entrance.html
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(x) Cold War: Cuban Missile Crisis
According to Nikita Khrushchev's memoirs, in May 1962 he conceived the idea of placing
intermediate-range nuclear missiles in Cuba as a means of countering an emerging lead of the United
States in developing and deploying strategic missiles.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/colc.html
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(w) Cold War: Soviet Perspectives
After World War II, Joseph Stalin saw the world as divided into two camps: imperialist and
capitalist regimes on the one hand, and the Communist and progressive world on the other.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/cols.html
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(v) Cold War: Postwar Estrangement
Joseph Stalin deepened the estrangement between the United States and the Soviet Union when he
asserted in 1946 that World War II was an unavoidable and inevitable consequence of
"capitalist imperialism" and implied that such a war might re-occur.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/colp.html
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(u) World War II: American POWs and MIAs
Soviet archival documents -- from an earlier era after World War II -- reveal that Americans were
detained, and even perished, in the vast Soviet GULAG.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/wora.html
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(t) World War II: Alliance
Despite deep-seated mistrust and hostility between the Soviet Union and the Western democracies,
Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 created an instant alliance between the
Soviets and the two greatest: Britain and the United States.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/worw.html
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(s) Soviet and American Communist Parties
The Soviet Communist party evolved from the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party's Bolshevik wing
formed by Vladimir Lenin in 1903.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/sova.html
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(r) Early Cooperation: Economic Cooperation
During the 1920s and early 1930s, tensions between the Soviet Union and the West eased somewhat,
particularly in the area of economic cooperation.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/eare.html
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(q) Early Cooperation: American Famine Relief
After the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, the ensuing Civil War produced acute food shortages in
southwestern Russia. Several volunteer groups in the United States and Europe had organized relief
programs, but it became clear that help was needed on a larger scale because an estimated 10 to 20
million lives were at stake.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/eara.html
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(p) Perestroika
From modest beginnings at the Twenty-Seventh Party Congress in 1986, perestroika, Mikhail
Gorbachev's program of economic, political, and social restructuring, became the unintended
catalyst for dismantling what had taken nearly three-quarters of a century to erect: the
Marxist-Leninist-Stalinist totalitarian state.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/pere.html
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(o) Chernobyl
On April 26, the city's anonymity vanished forever when, during a test at 1:21 A.M., the No. 4
reactor exploded and released thirty to forty times the radioactivity of the atomic bombs dropped
on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/cher.html
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(n) The Jewish Antifascist Committee
The Jewish Antifascist Committee (JAC) was formed in Kuibyshev in April 1942.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/jewi.html
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(m) Deportations
Joseph Stalin's forcible resettlement of over 1.5 million people, mostly Muslims, during and after
World War II is now viewed by many human rights experts in Russia as one of his most drastic
genocidal acts.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/depo.html
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(l) Ukrainian Famine
The dreadful famine that engulfed Ukraine, the northern Caucasus, and the lower Volga River area in
1932-1933 was the result of Joseph Stalin's policy of forced collectivization.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/ukra.html
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(k) Attacks on Intelligentsia: Suppressing Dissidents
The Communist regime considered dissent in the Soviet Union a repudiation of the proletarian
struggle and a violation of Marxism-Leninism, and thus a threat to its authority.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/atts.html
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(j) Attacks on Intelligentsia: Censorship
Creative writers enjoyed great prestige in both the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union because of
literature's unique role as a sounding board for deeper political and social issues.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/attc.html
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(i) Attacks on Intelligentsia: Renewed Attacks
The pattern of suppressing intellectual activity, with intermittent periods of relaxation, helped
the party leadership reinforce its authority.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/attr.html
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(h) Attacks on Intelligentsia: Early Attacks
In the years immediately following their accession to power in 1917, the Bolsheviks took measures
to prevent challenges to their new regime, beginning with eliminating political opposition.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/atte.html
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(g) Anti-Religious Campaigns
The Soviet Union was the first state to have as an ideological objective the elimination of
religion.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/anti.html
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(f) Collectivization and Industrialization
In November 1927, Joseph Stalin launched his "revolution from above" by setting two
extraordinary goals for Soviet domestic policy: rapid industrialization and collectivization of
agriculture.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/coll.html
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(e) The Gulag
The Soviet system of forced labor camps was first established in 1919 under the Cheka, but it was
not until the early 1930s that the camp population reached significant numbers.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/gula.html
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(d) Secret Police
From the beginning of their regime, the Bolsheviks relied on a strong secret, or political, police
to buttress their rule.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/secr.html
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(c) Repression and Terror: Kirov Murder and Purges
The murder of Sergei Kirov on December 1, 1934, set off a chain of events that culminated in the
Great Terror of the 1930s.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/repk.html
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(b) Repression and Terror: Stalin in Control
During the second half of the 1920s, Joseph Stalin set the stage for gaining absolute power by
employing police repression against opposition elements within the Communist Party.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/reps.html
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Revelations from the Russian Archives
Library of Congress Soviet Archives Exhibit presents a virtual glimpse into the reality of USSR.
http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/archives/
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