| Directory > Society > Religion and Spirituality > Christianity > Denominations > Catholicism > Reference > Catholic Encyclopedia Chaplets (Prayer Beads)
Beads variously strung together, according to the kind, order, and number of prayers in certain
forms of devotion, are in common use among Catholics as an expedient to ensure a right count of the
parts occurring in more or less frequent repetition.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02361c.htm
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Cyzicus
A titular see of Asia Minor, metropolitan of the ancient ecclesiastical province of Hellespontus.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04598a.htm
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Cyrus of Alexandria
Melchite patriarch of that see in the seventh century, and one of the authors of Monothelism; d.
about 641.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04597c.htm
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Cyrrhus
A titular see of Syria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04597a.htm
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Cyrene
A titular see of Northern Africa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04591b.htm
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Cyprus
An island in the Eastern Mediterranean, at the entrance of the Gulf of Alexandretta.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04589a.htm
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Cyclades
A group of islands in the Ægean Sea.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04581a.htm
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Cuthbert
Archbishop of Canterbury.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04580a.htm
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Cuthbert
Abbot of Wearmouth; a pupil of the Venerable Bede (d. 735).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04579a.htm
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Cusae
A titular see of Egypt.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04575b.htm
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Curia, Roman
Strictly speaking, the ensemble of departments or ministries which assist the sovereign pontiff in
the government of the Universal Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13147a.htm
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Curate
Literally, one who has the cure (care) or charge of souls, in which sense it is yet used by the
Church of England, "All Bishops and Curates".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04570a.htm
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Cummings, Jeremiah Williams
Publicist, b. in Washington, U.S.A., April, 1814; d. at New York, 4 January, 1866.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04567a.htm
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Culm
A bishopric in the north-eastern part of Prussia, founded in 1234, suffragan to Gnessen.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04566a.htm
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Cullen, Paul
Cardinal, Archbishop of Dublin, born at Prospect, Co. Kildare, Ireland, 29 April, 1803; died at
Dublin, 24 October, 1878.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04564a.htm
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Culdees
In the Irish language the word was written Ceile-De, meaning companion, or even spouse, of God,
with the Latin equivalent in the plural, Colidei, anglicized into Culdees; in Scotland it was often
written Kelidei.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04563b.htm
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Cuenca
Diocese in Spain.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04562b.htm
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Cuenca
Diocese in Ecuador.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04562a.htm
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Cuba
The largest and westernmost island of the West Indies.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04558c.htm
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Csanád
The Diocese includes the counties of Temes, Torontál, Krassó-Szörény, Arad, Csanád, and a part
of Csongrád and Békés, Hungary.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04558b.htm
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Crotus, Johann
German Humanist, b. at Dornheim, in Thuringia, c. 1480; d. probably at Halle, c. 1539.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04539c.htm
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Cross and Crucifix in Liturgy
Information on the history and uses.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04533a.htm
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Cross and Crucifix in Archæology
The sign of the cross, represented in its simplest form by a crossing of two lines at right angles,
greatly antedates, in both the East and the West, the introduction of Christianity.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04517a.htm
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Cronan
Name of several Irish saints.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04514d.htm
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Crolly, William
Archbishop of Armagh, b. at Ballykilbeg, near Downpatrick, 8 June, 1780; d. 6 April, 1849.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04514c.htm
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Croatia
Includes history, education, and religion.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04510a.htm
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Crétineau-Joly, Jacques
Journalist and historian; b. at Fontenay-le-Comte, Vendee, France, 23 Sept., 1803; d. at Vincennes
near Paris, 1 Jan., 1875.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04488a.htm
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Cressy, Hugh Paulinus Serenus
Doctor of Theology and English Benedictine monk, b. at Thorpe-Salvin, Yorkshire, about 1605; d. at
East Grinstead, Sussex, 10 August, 1674.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04486b.htm
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Cresconius
A Latin canonist of uncertain date and place, flourished probably in the latter half of the seventh
century, though it may have been at the end of the sixth or even in the eighth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04486a.htm
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Cochlaeus, Johann
Humanist and Catholic controversialist, b. 1479; d. 11 Jan., 1552, in Breslau.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04079a.htm
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Cochin, Pierre-Suzanne-Augustin
Author of religious, pedagogical, and sociological works. (1823-1872)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04078b.htm
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Cochem, Martin of
German theologian, preacher and ascetic writer, born at Cochem, a small town on the Moselle, in
1630; died in the convent at Waghäusel, 10 September, 1712.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04075c.htm
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Coccaleo, Viatora
A Capuchin friar, so called from his birthplace, Coccaglio in Lombardy, date of birth unknown; d.
1793.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04075a.htm
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Cluny, Congregation of
The earliest reform, which became practically a distinct order, within the Benedictine family.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04073a.htm
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Clovio, Giorgio
Italian miniaturist, called by Vasari "the unique" and "little Michelangelo",
b. at Grizani, on the coast of Croatia, in 1498; d. at Rome, 1578.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04069a.htm
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Clovesho, Councils of
Notable as the place at which were held several councils of the Anglo-Saxon Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04068a.htm
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Clouet
The family name of several generations of painters.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04067a.htm
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Clonfert
The Diocese, a suffragan see of the metropolitan province of Tuam, was founded in 557 by St.
Brendan the Navigator.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04064b.htm
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Clitherow, Saint Margaret
Martyr, called the "Pearl of York", born about 1556; died 25 March 1586.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04059b.htm
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Cleveland
The Diocese, established 23 April, 1847, comprises all that part of Ohio lying north of the
southern limits of the Counties of Columbiana, Stark, Wayne, Ashland, Richland, Crawford, Wyandot,
Hancock, Allen, and Van Wert, its territory covering thirty-six counties.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04055a.htm
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Cletus, Pope Saint
This name is only another form for Anacletus, the second successor of St. Peter.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04054a.htm
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Clement, Cæsar
Date of birth uncertain; died at Brussels 28 Aug., 1626, great-nephew of Sir Thomas More's friend,
Dr. John Clement.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04038a.htm
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Clémencet, Charles
Benedictine historian, b. at Painblanc, in the department of Côte-d'Or, France, 1703; d. at Paris,
5 August, 1778.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04011c.htm
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Claret y Clará, Saint Antonio MarÃa
Spanish prelate and missionary, born at Sallent, near Barcelona, 23 Dec., 1807; d. at Fontfroide,
Narbonne, France, on 24 Oct., 1870.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/16026a.htm
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Citharizum
A titular see of Armenia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03793a.htm
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Cinna
A titular see of Asia Minor.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03776c.htm
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Cincinnati
Archdiocese in the state of Ohio.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03773a.htm
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Cimbebasia
The name given for a long time to the western part of Southern Africa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03772b.htm
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Cienfuegos
The Diocese of Cienfuegos (Centumfocensis), includes all the Province of Santa Clara in the central
part of Cuba.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03770b.htm
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Cidyessus
A titular see of Asia Minor.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03770a.htm
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Chytri
A titular see of Cyprus.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03766a.htm
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Chrysostom, Saint John
Preacher and Doctor of the Church. (347-407)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08452b.htm
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Chrysopolis
A titular see of Roman Arabia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03743a.htm
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Chronology, Biblical
Deals with the dates of the various events recorded in the Bible.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03731a.htm
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Chronicon Paschale
The name ordinarily given to a valuable Byzantine chronicle of the world written in the seventh
century, so designated because, like many other chronicles of the Middle Ages, it follows a system
of Christian chronology based on the paschal canon, or cycle.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03730b.htm
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Christianity
An account is given of Christianity as a religion, describing its origin, its relation to other
religions, its essential nature and chief characteristics, but not dealing with its doctrines in
detail nor its history as a visible organization.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03712a.htm
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Christian Retreat, Congregation of
There are two branches of this congregation, the Fathers of Christian Retreat and the Sisters. It
was founded on the 19th of November, 1789, at Fontenelle, Doubs, France, by Father
Antoine-Silvestre Receveur, who was declared Venerable in 1883 by Pope Leo XIII.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03721a.htm
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Christian Knowledge, Society for Promoting
A society within the Church of England.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03720a.htm
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Christian Archæology
That branch of the science which is the study of ancient Christian monuments.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03705a.htm
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Christian
First Bishop of Prussia, d. 1245.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03704a.htm
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Christchurch
Its centre being Christchurch, the Capital of Canterbury, New Zealand. Diocese comprises the
provinces of Canterbury and Westland, a small portion of the Province of Nelson, and the Chatham
Islands.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03699a.htm
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Choiseul du Plessis-Praslin, Gilbert
French bishop, b. 1613; d. at Paris, 31 December, 1689.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03695a.htm
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Choiseul, Etienne-François, Duc de
French statesman, b. 28 June, 1719; d. in Paris 8 May, 1785.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03694a.htm
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Chiusi-Pienza
Suffragan of Siena.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03690b.htm
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Callistus I, Pope
Martyr, died c. 223.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03183d.htm
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Chimalpain, Domingo (San Anton y Muñon)
A Mexican Indian of the second half of the sixteenth and the first half of the seventeenth
centuries, who received a liberal education in the colleges for Indians of Mexico City under the
direction of the clergy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03663a.htm
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Chile
A comparatively narrow strip of coast-land in South America between the Pacific Ocean on the west
and the Andes Mountains on the east, including the watershed.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03660a.htm
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Chilapa
Diocese suffragan of the Archdiocese of Mexico, comprises the state of Guerrero, in the south of
Mexico.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03659c.htm
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Chihuahua
Diocese in the north of Mexico, comprises the state of Chihuahua.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03659b.htm
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Chieti
Archdiocese with the perpetual administration of Vasto.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03659a.htm
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Chieregati, Francesco
Papal nuncio, b. at Vicenza, 1479; d. at Bologna, 6 December, 1539.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03658b.htm
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Chicoutimi
Diocese created, 28 May, 1878, a part of the civil and ecclesiastical Province of Quebec.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03658a.htm
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Chichester
Ancient Catholic Diocese. This see took its rise in consequence of the decree passed at the Council
of London in 1075, requiring all bishoprics to be removed from villages to towns.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03657a.htm
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Chichele, Henry
Archbishop of Canterbury, b. at Higham Ferrers, Northamptonshire, England, 1362; d. at Oxford, 12
April, 1441.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03656a.htm
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Chibchas
In the beginning of the sixteenth century they occupied what is now the departments of Boyaca and
Cundinamarca with, possible, a few outlying settlements.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03652d.htm
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Chiavari
Suffragan of Genoa. A city of the province of Genoa in Northern Italy, situated on a little bay of
the Gulf of Genoa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03652c.htm
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Chiapas
The Diocese comprises almost the entire state of that name in the Republic of Mexico. San Cristobal
Las Casas, formerly called Ciudad Real, is the episcopal seat, and is the principal city of the
state.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03652b.htm
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Cheyenne
Diocese established 9 August, 1887.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03651a.htm
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Cheverus, Jean-Louis Lefebvre de
First Bishop of Boston, U.S.A., Bishop of Montauban; Archbishop of Bordeaux, France, and Cardinal,
b. at Mayenne, France, 28 January, 1768; d. at Bordeaux 19 July, 1836.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03650a.htm
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Chester
Located in England. Though the See of Chester, schismatically created by Henry VIII in 1541, was
recognized by the Holy See only for the short space of Queen Mary's reign, the city had in earlier
times possessed a bishop and a cathedral, though only intermittently.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03649a.htm
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Chatham
The Diocese comprises the northern half of the Province of New Brunswick, Canada, i.e., the
counties of Gloucester, Madawaska, Northumberland, Restigouche, Victoria, and the part of Kent
north of the Richibucto River.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03642a.htm
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Chateaubriand, François-René
French writer, b. at Saint-Malo, Brittany, 4 September, 1768; d. at Paris, 4 July, 1848.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03640a.htm
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Chastity
The virtue which excludes or moderates the indulgence of the sexual appetite.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03637d.htm
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Charron, Pierre
Moralist, b. in Paris, 1541; d. there 6 Nov., 1603.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03633b.htm
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Charlottetown
Diocese includes all Prince Edward Island (formerly called St. John's Island), the smallest
province of the dominion of Canada.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03632a.htm
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Charlevoix, François-Xavier
Historian, b. at St-Quentin, France, 24 October, 1682, d. at La Flèche, 1 February, 1761.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03631a.htm
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Charles Borromeo, Saint
Archbishop of Milan, Cardinal-Priest of the Title of St. Prassede, Papal Secretary of State under
Pius IV, and one of the chief factors in the Catholic Counter-Reformation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03619a.htm
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Charity, Sisters of, of Our Lady Mother of Mercy
A congregation founded in Holland in 1832 by the Rev. John Zwijsen, pastor of Tilburg, aided by
Mary M. Leijsen, for the instruction of children and the betterment of a people deprived of
spiritual aid by the disastrous effects of the Reformation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03610b.htm
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Charity, Sisters of, of St. Paul
These sisters who now add "Of Chartres" to their title to distinguish them from another
congregation of the same name, were founded at Chartres in 1704 by Monsignor Maréchaut, a
theologian of the Cathedral of Chartres, assisted by Mlle de Tilly and Mlle de Tronche.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03610a.htm
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Charity, Sisters of, of St. Louis
Founded at Vannes in Brittany, in 1803, by Madame Molé, née de Lamoignan, for the education of
poor girls, at the suggestion of Bishop de Pancemont, of Vannes, who was her director.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03609d.htm
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Charity, Sisters of, of Jesus and Mary
A congregation founded in 1803 by Canon Triest, who was known as "the St. Vincent de Paul of
Belgium", for he was the founder as well of the Brothers of St. John of God, and the Sisters
of the Infant Jesus.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03609c.htm
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Charity, Sisters of, of Providence
More accurately, Daughters of Charity, Servants of the Poor, founded in Montreal, Canada, by Bishop
Bourget and Madame Jean Baptiste Gamelin (Marie Emélie Eugénie Tavernier), 25 March, 1843.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03609b.htm
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Charity, Sisters of, of St. Vincent de Paul
A congregation of women with simple vows, founded in 1633 and devoted to corporal and spiritual
works of mercy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03605a.htm
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Charity, Sisters of, (St. John, New Brunswick)
Founded in 1854 by Bishop, subsequently Archbishop, Connolly.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03608b.htm
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Charity, Sisters of, of St. Elizabeth
A community founded at Newark, in 1859, by Mother Mary Xavier Mehegan, who for twelve years
previously had been a member of the Sisters of Charity, of St. Vincent de Paul in New York.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03608a.htm
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Charity, Congregation of the Brothers of
Founded in Belgium, the rule and constitutions were approved and confirmed by Pope Leo XIII, 4
July, 1899.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03604a.htm
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Charity and Charities
In its widest and highest sense, charity includes love of God as well as love of man.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03592a.htm
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Chapter and Conventual Mass
A conventual Mass sung or said in all cathedrals and collegiate churches that have a chapter; in
this case it is often called the "chapter" Mass.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09790a.htm
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Chapter House
A building attached to a monastery or cathedral in which the meetings of the chapter are held.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03584a.htm
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Chapter
Designates certain corporate ecclesiastical bodies, said to be derived from the chapter of the rule
book, which it was the custom to read in the assemblies of monks.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03582b.htm
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Chanel, Peter-Louis-Marie, Saint
Proto-martyr of Oceanica, born at Cuet, dep. of Ain, France, 1803, died at Futuna, Friendly
Islands, Oceanica, 28 April, 1841.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11769a.htm
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Châlons-sur-Marne
The Diocese comprises the department of Marne, exclusive of the arrondissement of Reims.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03566a.htm
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Ceslaus, Saint
Born at Kamien in Silesia, Poland (now Prussia), about 1184; died at Breslau about 1242.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03547a.htm
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Cesena
The ancient Cæsena is a city of Emilia, in the province of Forli (Italy), in the former States of
the Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03546b.htm
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Cesarini, Giuliano
Born at Rome, 1398; died at Varna, in Bulgaria 10 November, 1444.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03546a.htm
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Ceolfrid, Saint
Benedictine abbot. (642-716)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03536a.htm
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Centuriators of Magdeburg
A group of Lutheran scholars who had gathered at Magdeburg, and who are now known to history as the
"Centuriators of Magdeburg" because of the way in which they divided their work (century
by century) and the place in which the first five volumes were written.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03534b.htm
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Central Verein of North America, German Roman Catholic
The origin dates back to 1854, in which year the presidents of three German Catholic benevolent
societies of Buffalo, new York, issued a call to various German Catholic societies for the purpose
for forming a central body.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03534a.htm
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Ceneda
Situated in the province of Treviso, in former Venetian territory, on a declivity of the Rhaetian
Alps.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03519b.htm
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Cenalis, Robert
Bishop, historian, and controversialist, b. in Paris, 1483; d. there, 1560.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03519a.htm
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Celtes, Conrad
German Humanist, b. at Wipfeld in Lower Franconia, 1 February, 1459; d. at Vienna, 4 February,
1508.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03492a.htm
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Celsus the Platonist
An eclectic Platonist and polemical writer against Christianity, who flourished towards the end of
the second century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03490a.htm
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Cellier, Elizabeth
A noted London midwife, who came into prominence through the pretended "Meal-Tub Plot" of
1680.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03489a.htm
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Celestine I, Pope Saint
Reigned 422-432.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03477c.htm
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Ceillier, Rémi
Patrologist, b. at Bar-le-Duc, 14 May, 1688; d. at Flavigny, 26 May, 1763.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03476b.htm
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Cefalù
The city of the same name in the province of Palermo, in Sicily (Italy), is situated nearly in the
centre of the northern coast of the island.
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Cedron, Brook of
The name designates in Holy Writ the ravine on the east of Jerusalem, between the Holy City and the
Mount of Olives.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03475c.htm
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Cedd, Saint
Bishop of the East Saxons, the brother of St. Ceadda; died 26 Oct. 664.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03475a.htm
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Cedar
The name of the second son of Ismael (Gen., xxv, 13; I Par., i, 29); also of an Arabian tribe
descended from him, and of the territory occupied by it.
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Cecilia, Saint
Virgin and martyr; patroness of church music.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03471b.htm
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Cebú
Located in the Philippine Islands. Cebú, the diocesan city, spelled also Sebú and Zebú, in the
province of the same name.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03471a.htm
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Caylus, Comte de
French archaeologist, b. at Paris, in 1692; d. in 1765.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03470a.htm
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Cayes
Diocese in the republic of Haiti, suffragan to Port-au-Prince.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03469b.htm
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Caxton, William
Born in the Weald of Kent, c. 1422; died at Westminster, 1491; the first English printer and the
introducer of the art of printing into England.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03469a.htm
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Cavo, Andres
A writer frequently quoted on Spanish-Mexican history; b. at Guadalajara in Mexico, 21 January,
1729, he entered the Society of Jesus, 14 January, 1758, and went to Italy with the other members
of the order after their expulsion from Mexico in 1767.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03468e.htm
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Cavedoni, Celestino
Italian ecclesiastic, archæologist, and numismatist; b. 18 May, 1795, at Levizzano-Rangone, near
Modena; d. 26 November, 1865, at Modena.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03468d.htm
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Cavanagh, James
Soldier, b. in County Tipperary, Ireland, 1831; d. in New York, 7 January, 1901.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03468b.htm
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Cavagnis, Felice
Canonist, b. in Bordogna, Diocese of Bergamo, Italy, 13 January, 1841; d. at Rome, 29 December,
1906.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03467c.htm
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Caunus
A titular see of Asia Minor. Kaunos was said to have been founded by Kaunos, son of Miletos and
Kyane, on the southern coast of Caria, opposite Rhodes, and was known as Rhodian Peraea, at the
foot of Mount Tarbelos.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03458c.htm
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Caulet, François-Etienne
A French bishop and Jansenist, b. at Toulouse, 1610; d. at Pamiers, 1680.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03458b.htm
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Cattaro
Suffragan of Zara.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03456b.htm
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Catrou, François
French historian, b. at Paris, 28 December, 1659; d. there 12 October, 1737.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03456a.htm
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Catherick, Venerable Edmund
Priest and martyr, born probably in Lancashire about 1605; executed at York, 13 April, 1642.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03442a.htm
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Cathedraticum
A certain sum of money to be contributed annually for the support of the bishop, as a mark of
honour and in sign of subjection to the cathedral church, hence its name.
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Catenæ
Collections of excerpts from the writings of Biblical commentators, especially the Fathers and
early ecclesiastical writers, strung together like the links of a chain, and in this way exhibiting
a continuous and connected interpretation of a given text of Scripture.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03434a.htm
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Catanzaro
Suffragan of Reggio.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03430a.htm
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Catania
A seaport and capital of the province of the same name in Sicily, situated on the eastern side of
Mount Etna.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03429a.htm
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Catalonia
A principality within the Spanish Monarchy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03428a.htm
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Catalani, Giuseppe
A Roman liturgist of the eighteenth century, member of the Oratory of San Girolamo della Carita
(Hieronymite), famous for his correct editions of the chief liturgical books of the Roman Church,
which are still in habitual use, and which he enriched with scholarly commentaries illustrative of
the history, rubrics, and canon law of the Roman Liturgy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03427b.htm
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Caswall, Edward
Oratorian and poet, b. 15 July 1814, at Yately, Hampshire, of which place his father, the Rev. R.
C. Caswall, was vicar; d. at the Oratory, Birmingham, 2 January, 1878.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03417a.htm
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Castro y Bellvis, Guillen de
Spanish dramatic poet, b. of a noble family at Valencia in 1569; d. at Madrid in 1631.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03415c.htm
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Castro, Alphonsus de
Friar Minor and theologian, b. in 1495 at Zamora, Leon, Spain; d. 11 February 1558, at Brussels.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03415a.htm
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Castoria
A titular see of Macedonia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03414b.htm
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Castillejo, Cristóbal de
Spanish poet, b. in Ciudad Rodrigo (Salamanca), 1491; d. in Vienna, 12 June, 1556.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03413a.htm
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Castile and Aragon
The united kingdom which came into existence by the marriage (1469) of Isabella, heiress of
Castile, with Ferdinand the Catholic, King of Aragon.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03410b.htm
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Castiglione, Giovanni Benedetto
Painter and etcher, b. at Genoa, Italy, 1616; d. at Mantua, 1670.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03410a.htm
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Castiglione, Carlo Ottavio
Philologist and numismatist, b. of an ancient family at Milan, Italy, 1784; d. at Genoa, 10 April,
1849.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03409d.htm
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Castiglione, Baldassare
Italian prose-writer, b. at Casatico, near Mantua, 6 December, 1478; died at Toledo, Spain, 7
February, 1529.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03409c.htm
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Castello, Giovanni Battista
Italian painter, sculptor, and architect; b. at Gandino, in the Valle Seriana, in the territory of
Bergamo, in 1509 (some writers state 1500 or 1506); d. at Madrid in 1579.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03409b.htm
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Castelli, Pietro
Italian physician and botanist, b. at Rome in 1574; d. at Messina in 1662.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03409a.htm
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Castellanos, Juan de
Soldier, priest, and epic poet, born in Spain in the first half of the sixteenth century; date of
death unknown.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03408c.htm
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Castellaneta (Castania)
Suffragan of Taranto.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03408b.htm
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Castellammare di Stabia
The seat of the diocese is an industrial city, situated on the Bay of Naples, on a slope of Monte
Gauro, and famous for its health-giving mineral springs.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03408a.htm
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Castagno, Andrea
Florentine painter, b. near Florence, 1390; d. at Florence, 9 August, 1457.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03407d.htm
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Castabala
A titular see of Asia Minor, Latin title suppressed, 1894.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03407c.htm
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Cassovia
Diocese in Hungary, founded in 1804 by the division of the Diocese of Agria, in the archdiocese of
the same name, and the Dioceses of Cassovia and Szatmar.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03407b.htm
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Casson, François Dollier de
Fourth superior of Saint-Sulpice, Montreal, Canada, b. near Nantes, France, 1636; d. in 1701.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03407a.htm
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Cassiodorus
Roman writer, statesman, and monk, b. about 490; d. about 583.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03405c.htm
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Cassian, John
A monk and ascetic writer of Southern Gaul, b. probably in Provence about 360; d. about 435,
probably near Marseilles.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03404a.htm
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Casserly, Patrick S.
Educator, b. in Ireland; d. in New York, where for many years he conducted a classical school.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03403d.htm
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Casimir, Saint
Prince of Poland, born in the royal palace at Cracow, 3 October, 1458; died at the court of Grodno,
4 March, 1484.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03402a.htm
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Casgrain, Henri Raymond
Author of French Canadian literature. (1831-1904)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03400b.htm
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Caserta
The capital of the province of that name in Southern Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03399a.htm
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Casas, Bartolomé de las
Born at Seville, probably in 1474; d. at Madrid, 1566.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03397a.htm
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Casanata, Girolamo
Cardinal, b. at Naples, 13 July, 1620; d. at Rome, 3 March, 1700.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03396d.htm
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Casanare
Vicariate Apostolic in the Republic of Colombia, South America, administered by the Augustinians,
subject to the Congregation of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03396c.htm
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Casali, Giovanni Battista
Musician, b. at Rome in 1715; d. there 1792. From 1759 until his death he held the position of
choir-master in the church of St. John Lateran.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03396b.htm
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Casale Monferatto
A suffragan of Vercelli. Casale Monferrato.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03396a.htm
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Carystus
A titular see of Greece.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03395c.htm
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Caryll, John
Poet, dramatist, and diplomatist, b. at West Harting, England, 1625; d. 1711.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03395b.htm
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Carve, Thomas
Historian, b. in Co. Tipperary, Ireland, 1590; d. probably in 1672.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03395a.htm
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Carvajal, Luisa de
Born 2 Jan., 1568, at Jaraizejo, Spain; died 2 Jan., 1614, at London, a lady of high birth, who
received from God what appears to have been a special vocation to go to England and minister to
those who were suffering for the Faith.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03394b.htm
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Carvajal, Luis de
Friar Minor and Tridentine theologian, b. about 1500; the time of his death is uncertain.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03394a.htm
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Carvajal, Juan
Cardinal; b. about 1400 at Truxillo in Estremadura, Spain; d. at Rome, 6 December, 1469.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03393c.htm
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Carvajal, Gaspar de
Dominican missionary, b. in Estremadura, Spain, c. 1500; d. at Lima, Peru, 1584.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03393b.htm
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Carvajal, Bernardino Lopez de
Cardinal, b. 1455, at Plasencia in Estremadura, Spain; d. at Rome 16 Dec., 1523.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03393a.htm
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Cartier, Jacques
The discoverer of Canada, b. at Saint-Malo, Brittany, in 1491; d. 1 September, 1557.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03392b.htm
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Cartier, Georges-Etienne
French Canadian statesman, son of Jacques Cartier and Marguerite Paradis, b. at St. Antoine, on the
Richelieu, 16 Sept., 1814; d. in London 20 May, 1873.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03392a.htm
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Cartagena
Suffragan of Granada in Spain since the concordat of 1851, previously of Toledo.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03384b.htm
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Cartagena
The city of the same name, residence of the archbishop, is situated on an island to the north of
Tierra Bomba, Colombia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03384a.htm
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Carroll, Daniel
Brother of Archbishop Carroll, b. at upper Marlboro, Maryland, U. S. A., 1733; d. at Washington,
1829.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03381a.htm
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Carrières, Louis de
Born in the chateau de la Plesse in Avrille, Angers, France, 1 September, 1662; d. at Paris, 11
June 1717.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03379b.htm
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Carrière, Joseph
Moral theologian, thirteenth superior of the seminary and Society of Saint-Sulpice. (1795-1864)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03379a.htm
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Carrhae
A titular see of Mesopotamia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03378b.htm
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Carrera, Rafael
In 1847 Carrera was, by a kind of election, made President of Guatemala, and seven years later he
became dictator, that is, president for life with the right to designate his successor.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03378a.htm
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Carreno de Miranda, Juan
Spanish painter, b. at Avilés in Asturia, 1614; d. at Madrid, 1685.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03377b.htm
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Carranza, Diego
Missionary among the Chontal Indians.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03377a.htm
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Carranza, Bartolomé
Archbishop of Toledo; b. at Miranda de Arga, Spain, 1503; d. at Rome, 2 May, 1576.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03376a.htm
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Carracci
Italian painter, engraver, and etcher, b. at Bologna, 16 August, 1557; d. at Parma, 22 March, 1602.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03374c.htm
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Carpi
Situated in the province of Modena, Central Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03374b.htm
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Carpasia
A titular see of Cyprus. Carpasia, Karpasia, also Karpasion is said to have been founded by King
Pygmalion near Cape Sarpedon.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03374a.htm
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Carpaccio, Vittore
Venetian painter whose real name was Scarpazza, b. at Venice about 1455; d. in the same city
between 1523 and 1526.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03373c.htm
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Caron, Raymond
Franciscan friar and author, b. at Athlone, Ireland, in 1605; d. at Dublin, 1666.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03373a.htm
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Caroline Islands
A group of about 500 small coral islands, east of the Philippines, in the Pacific Ocean.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03372a.htm
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Carnoy, Jean-Baptiste
Belgian biologist. (1836-1899)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03370b.htm
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Carlovingian Schools
Established under the Merovingian Kings, a school, scola palatina, the chroniclers of the eighth
century styled it for the training of the young Frankish nobles in the art of war and in the
ceremonies of the court.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03349c.htm
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Carlisle
The Catholic was smaller in extent than the present Anglican diocese, which was enlarged in 1856.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03349b.htm
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Caribs
Next to the Arawaks, probably the most numerous Indian stock, of more or less nomadic habits, in
South America.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03348a.htm
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Cariati
Suffragan of Santa Severina.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03347b.htm
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Carey, Mathew
Author and publisher, b. in Dublin, Ireland, 28 January, 1760; d. in Philadelphia, U.S.A., 15
September, 1839.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03346a.htm
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Carem
Name of a town in the Tribe of Juda.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03345b.htm
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Carducci, Bartolommeo and Vincenzo
Florentine painters, brothers, usually grouped under the Spanish School.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03345a.htm
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Cardinal Virtues
The four principal virtues upon which the rest of the moral virtues turn or are hinged.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03343a.htm
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Cardinal Vicar
The vicar-general of the pope, as Bishop of Rome, for the spiritual administration of the city, and
its surrounding district, properly known as Vicarius Urbis.
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Cardinal Protector
Since the thirteenth century it has been customary at Rome to confide to some particular cardinal a
special solicitude in the Roman Curia for the interests of a given religious order or institute,
confraternity, church, college, city, or nation.
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Cardinal
A dignitary of the Roman Church and counsellor of the pope.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03333b.htm
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Cardica
A titular see of Thessaly.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03333a.htm
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Cardan, Girolamo
Italian physician and mathematician. (1501-1576)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03332a.htm
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Carcassonne
Diocese comprising the entire department of Aude, and suffragan to Toulouse.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03331b.htm
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Carbonari
The name of a secret political society, which played an important part, chiefly in France and
Italy, during the first decades of the nineteenth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03330c.htm
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Caravaggio (Michaelangelo Morigi)
Milanese painter, b. at Caravaggio in 1569, d. at Porto d' Ercole in 1609.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10569b.htm
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Caramuel y Lobkowitz, Juan
Spanish ecclesiastic and writer. (1606-1682)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03329c.htm
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Caraites
A Jewish sect professing to follow the text of the Bible (Miqra) to the exclusion of Rabbinical
traditions, and hence opposed to the Talmud.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03329b.htm
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Caracas
Located in the Republic of Venezuela, a metropolitan see with the Barquisimeto, Calabozo, Guayana,
Merida, and Zulia as suffragans.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03328d.htm
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Caracalla
Roman Emperor, son of Septimius Severus and Julia Domna, b. 188; d. 217.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03328c.htm
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Caquetá
Apostolic prefecture situated in South America on the southern border of the Republic of Colombia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03328a.htm
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Capuciati
From caputium, hood - So named from the headgear which was one of their distinctive marks.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03327a.htm
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Capuchin Friars Minor
An autonomous branch of the first Franciscan Order.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03320b.htm
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Capuchinesses
A branch of the Poor Clares of the Primitive Observance, instituted at Naples, in 1538, by the
Venerable Maria Longo.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03320a.htm
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Capua
Situated in the province of Caserta, Southern Italy.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03319a.htm
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Capranica, Domenico
Cardinal, theologian, canonist, and statesman, b. at Capranica near Palestrina, Italy, in 1400; d.
at Rome, 14 July, 1458.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03312b.htm
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Canute IV, Saint
Martyr and King of Denmark. (d. 1086)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03307a.htm
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Cantius, Saint John
Polish priest, professor of Sacred Scripture, d. 1473.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08451b.htm
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Canova, Antonio
Italian sculptor. (1757-1822)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03298b.htm
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Canopus
A titular see of Egypt.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03297b.htm
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Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception
A congregation founded in the department of Isère, at Saint-Antoine, France, by the Abbé Dom
Adrien Gréa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03297a.htm
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Canoness
The assistance of women in the work of the Church goes back to the earliest time, and their uniting
together for community exercises was a natural development of religious worship.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03255b.htm
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Canon
Musical term, the strictest of all contrapuntal forms.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03255a.htm
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Canisius, Blessed Peter
Dutch Jesuit priest, d. 1597.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11756c.htm
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Candidus
The name of two scholars of the Carlovingian revival of letters in the ninth century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03245a.htm
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Candia
The residence of the Greek Metropolitan of Crete, who has seven suffragan sees, Khania, Kisamos,
Rethymnon (Retimo), Sitia, Lampa, Arkadia, and Chersonesos.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03244d.htm
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Canatha
A titular see of Arabia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03244a.htm
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Canary Islands, The
An archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean facing the western coast of Africa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03243a.htm
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Canal, José de la
Ecclesiastical historian.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03242a.htm
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Canada, Catholicity in
Treated under three headings: I. Period of French domination, from the discovery of Canada to the
Treaty of Paris, in 1763; II. Period of British rule, from 1763 to the present day; III. Present
conditions.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03231a.htm
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Canada
Comprises all that part of North America north of the United States, with the exception of
Newfoundland, and Labrador.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03227a.htm
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Canaan, Canaanites
The Hebrew word Kenaan, denoting a person.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03569b.htm
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Camus de Pont-Carré, Jean-Pierre
French bishop, b. 3 November, 1584, at Paris; d. there 25 April, 1652.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03225a.htm
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Campo Santo de' Tedeschi
A cemetery, church, and hospice for Germans on the south side of St. Peter's, Rome.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03224d.htm
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Campeggio, Lorenzo
Cardinal, an eminent canonist, ecclesiastical diplomat, and reformer.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03223a.htm
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Campanella, Tommaso
Dominican philosopher and writer, b. 5 Sept. 1568 at Stilo in the province of Calabria, Italy; d.
at Paris, 21 May, 1659.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03221b.htm
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Camillus de Lellis, Saint
Born at Bacchianico, Naples, 1550; died at Rome, 14 July, 1614.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03217b.htm
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Camerlengo
The title of certain papal officials.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03217a.htm
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Camaldolese
A joint order of hermits and cenobites, founded by St. Romuald at the beginning of the eleventh
century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03204d.htm
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Chioggia (Chiozza)
A sea-coast city in the province of Venice. In antiquity it was known as Fossa Clodia; in the
Middle Ages as Clugia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03689a.htm
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Conrad of Piacenza, Saint
Hermit of the Third Order of St. Francis, date of birth uncertain; died at Noto in Sicily, 19
February, 1351.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04260b.htm
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Conan, Saint
Bishop of the Isle of Man, died January, 684; an Irish missionary, also known as Mochonna.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04189c.htm
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