| Directory > Society > Religion and Spirituality > Christianity > Denominations > Catholicism > Reference > Catholic Encyclopedia Lombard, Peter
Archbishop. (1555-1625)
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Lyons, Second Council of
One of the most largely attended of conciliar assemblies, there being present five hundred bishops,
sixty abbots, more than a thousand prelates or procurators.
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Lyons, First Council of
Innocent IV, threatened by Emperor Frederick II, arrived at Lyons 2 December, 1244, and early in
1245 summoned the bishops and princes to the council.
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Lyons, Archdiocese of
Comprises the Department of the Rhône (except the Canton of Villeurbanne, which belongs to the
Diocese of Grenoble) and of the Loire.
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Lyndwood, William
Bishop of St. David's, b. about 1375; d. in 1446.
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Lydgate, John
Writer, born at Lydgate, Suffolk, about 1370; d. probably about 1450. He entered the Benedictine
abbey at Bury when fifteen and may have been educated earlier at the school of the Benedictine
monks there and have been afterwards at the Benedictine house of studies at Oxford.
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Lydda
A titular see of Palestina Prima in the Patriarchate of Jerusalem.
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Luxemburg
The small remnant of the old duchy of this name and since 11 May, 1867, an independent neutral
grand duchy, comprising 998 sq. miles of territory, lying principally between 49° 27' and 50° 12'
N. lat., and 5° 45' and 6° 32' E. long.
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Lussy, Melchior
Statesman, b. at Stans, Canton of Unterwalden, Switzerland, 1529; d. there 14 Nov., 1606.
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Lusignan, Jean-Baptiste-Alphonse
French-Canadian writer, b. at St-Denis on the Richelieu, P.Q., 27 September, 1843; d. 5 January,
1893, son of Jean-Baptiste Lusignan, a merchant, and Onésime Masse.
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Luscinius, Ottmar
An Alsatian Humanist, b. at Strasburg, 1487; d. at Freiburg, 1537.
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Lupus, Christian
Historian, b. at Ypres (Flanders), 23 July, 1612; d. at Louvain, 10 July, 1681.
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Lupus
Abbot of Ferrieres, French Benedictine writer, b. in the Diocese of Sens, about 805; d. about 862.
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Luni-Sarzana-Brugnato
Diocese in the province of Genoa.
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Lund
Ancient Catholic diocese in the Län of Malmöhus.
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Luminare
The name applied to the shafts in the roof of the passages and chambers of the Catacombs
occasionally pierced for the admission of light and air.
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Lumen Christi
The versicle chanted by the deacon on Holy Saturday as he lights the triple candle.
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Lully, Jean-Baptiste
Composer, b. near Florence in 1633; d. at Paris, 22 March, 1687.
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Lugos
Diocese in Hungary, suffragan of Fogaras and Alba Julia of the Uniat-Rumanian Rite, was erected in
November, 1853.
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Lugo, John de
Spanish Jesuit and Cardinal, one of the most eminent theologians of modern times, b. at Madrid,
November, 1583, though he used to call himself "Hispalensis", because his family seat was
at Seville; d. at Rome, 20 August, 1660.
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Lugo, Francisco de
Jesuit theologian, b. at Madrid, 1580; d, at Valladolid, 17 September, 1652.
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Lugo
Diocese in Galicia, Spain, a suffragan of Santiago, said to have been founded (by Agapitus) in
Apostolic times.
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Lueger, Karl
A burgomaster of Vienna, Austrian political leader and municipal reformer, born at Vienna, 24
October, 1844; died there, 10 March, 1910.
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Ludovicus a S. Carolo
Carmelite writer, b. at Châlons-sur-Marne (according to some at Chalon-sur-Saône), 20 Aug., 1608;
d. at Paris 10 March, 1670.
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Ludger, Saint
Also known as St. Lüdiger, or Liudger. Biography of this missionary, the first bishop of Munster,
who died in 809.
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Lucius III, Pope
Born at Lucca, unknown date; died at Verona, 25 Notaember, 1185. Innocent II created him
Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prassede on 23 February, 1141, and afterwards sent him as legate to
France.
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Lucius II, Pope
Born at Bologna, unknown date, died at Rome, 15 February, 1145.
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Lucius I, Pope Saint
Exiled for a time, reigned less than one year, and died in 254.
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Lucina, Crypt of
The traditional title of the most ancient section of the catacomb of St. Callistus.
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Lucifer of Cagliari
A bishop, who must have been born in the early years of the fourth century; died in 371.
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Lucic, John
Croatian historian, b. early in the seventeenth century, at Trojir, or Tragurion, in Dalmatia; d.
at Rome, 11 January, 1679.
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Lucian of Antioch
A priest of the Church of Antioch who suffered martyrdom (7 January, 312), during the reign of
Maximinus Daza.
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Lucerne
Chief town of the Canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
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Lucera
An ancient city in the province of Foggia in Apulia, Southern Italy.
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Lucca
The capital of the like named province in Tuscany, Central Italy
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Lucas, Frederick
A member of Parliament and journalist, b. in Westminster, 30 March, 1812, d. at Staines, Middlesex,
22 Oct., 1855.
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Luca, Giovanni Battista de
A Cardinal and Italian canonist of the seventeenth century, b. at Venusia, Southern Italy, in 1614;
d. at Rome, on 5 February, 1683.
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Lublin
The city of Lublin is in Russian Poland, capital of the Government of Lublin, lies on the
Bistrzyca, a tributary of the Vistula, and in 1897 had a population of 50,152, of whom 30,914 were
Catholics.
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Loyola University (New Orleans)
Loyola University, New Orleans, Louisiana, was (in 1912) the only Catholic university in what is
popularly designated "The Old South".
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Loyola University (Chicago)
The outgrowth of St. Ignatius College, founded by the Jesuits in 1869 for the higher education of
the Catholic youth of Chicago, and empowered by the Legislature of Illinois (30 June, 1870) to
confer the usual degrees in the various faculties of a university.
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Lourdes, Brothers of Our Lady of
A community devoted to the education of youth and the care of the sick and infirm. It was founded
at Renaix, Flanders, in 1830, by Etienne Modeste Glorieux, a Belgian priest, and approved in 1892
by Leo XIII.
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Louisiana
Includes history, religious information, and statistics.
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Louise, Sister
Educator and organizer, b. at Bergen-op-Zoom, Holland, 14 Nov., 1813; d. at Cincinnati, Ohio, 3
Dec., 1886.
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Louis Allemand, Blessed
Brief article on this 15th-century Cardinal Archbishop of Arles, who was a supporter of antipope
Felix V.
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Loucheux
The would-be Kuchin of some ethnologists, and the Tukudh of the Protestant missionaries; Richardson
called them Quarrellers.
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Lotto, Lorenzo
Italian portrait painter, born at Venice, 1480; died at Loreto, 1556.
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Lotti, Antonio
Composer, born at Venice in 1667; died there, 5 January, 1740 and studied under Legrenzi, producing
an opera, "Il Giustino", in his sixteenth year.
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Lorraine
By the Treaty of Verdun in 843, the empire of Charlemagne was divided in three parts: Ludwig the
German received Eastern Franconia; Charles the Bald, Western Franconia; and Lothair I, the strip of
land lying between the two and reaching from the North Sea to the Rhone, with Italy in addition.
After the death of Lothair I, in 855, Italy passed to his son Lothair II, who gave his name to the
district henceforth known as Lotharii Regnum - Lotharingen, Lothringen, or Lorraine.
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Lorrain, Claude de
French painter and etcher, b. in 1600 at Chamagnc on the banks of the Moselle in Lorraine; d. in
Rome, 21 Nov., 1681 (or 23 Nov., 1682).
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Lorette
An Indian village occupied by the principal remnant of the ancient Huron tribe on the east bank of
Saint Charles River.
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Lorenzetti, Pietro and Ambrogio
Sienese painters. The time of their birth and death is not known.
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Lorenzana, Francisco Antonio de
Cardinal, b. 22 Sept., 1722 at Leon in Spain; d. 17 April, 1804, at Rome.
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Lopez-Caro, Francisco
Spanish artist, b. at Seville in 1598; d. at Madrid in 1662; he was a pupil of Juan de Las Roelas,
the painter of the great altar-piece in the church of St. Isidore in Seville, of the
"Martyrdom of St. Andrew" in the museum at Seville, and of the pictures in the university
chapel.
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London (Ontario)
Diocese in Canada, established 21 February, 1855; see transferred to Sandwich, 2 February, 1859,
transferred back to London, 3 October, 1869.
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London (England)
The capital of England and chief city of the British Empire, is situated about fifty miles from the
mouth of the Thames.
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Lombardy
A word derived from Longobardia and used during the Middle Ages to designate the country ruled over
by the Longobards, which varied in extent with the varying fortunes of that race in Italy.
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Loman, Saint
Brief article accepts the tradition that St. Loman, bishop of Trim, was a nephew of St. Patrick.
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Lohel, Johann
Archbishop of Prague, b. at Eger, Bohemia, 1549; d. 2 Nov., 1622.
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Logia, Jesu
Found partly in the Inspired Books of the New Testament, partly in uninspired writings.
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Lodi
A suffragan of Milan.
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Loci Theologici
Loci theologici or loci communes, are the common topics of discussion in theology.
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Lochner, Stephen
A painter, born at Meersburg, on the Lake of Constance, date of birth unknown; died at Cologne,
1452.
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Lobbes, Benedictine Abbey of
Located in Hainault, Belgium, founded about 650, by St. Landelin, a converted brigand, so that the
place where his crimes had been committed might benefit by his conversion.
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Loango
Formerly included in the great Kingdom of Congo, Loango became independent towards the end of the
sixteenth century, at which time it extended from the mouth of the Kwilou to that of the River
Congo.
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Loaisa, Garcia de
Cardinal and Archbishop of Seville, b. in Talavera, Spain, c. 1479; d. at Madrid, 21 April, 1546.
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Llandaff
The origins of this see are to be found in the sixth century monastic movement initiated by St.
Dubricius, who presided over the monastery of Mochros.
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Llancarvan
Llancarvan, Glamorganshire, Wales, was a college and monastery founded apparently about the middle
of the fifth century.
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Livias
A titular see in Palestina Prima, suffragan of Cæsarea.
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Liverpool
One of the thirteen dioceses into which Pius IX divided Catholic England, 29 September, 1850, when
he re-established the Catholic hierarchy.
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Liutprand of Cremona
Bishop and historian, b. at the beginning of the tenth century; d. after 970.
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Liturgy
A Greek composite word meaning originally a public duty, a service to the state undertaken by a
citizen.
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Liturgical Chant
A chant, if its style, composition, and execution prove it suitable for liturgical use, may
properly be called liturgical chant.
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Liturgical Books
All the books, published by the authority of any church, that contain the text and directions for
her official (liturgical) services.
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Little Rock
The State of Arkansas and the Indian Territory, parts of the Louisiana Purchase, were formed, 1843,
into the Diocese of Little Rock.
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Litta
A noble Milanese family which gave two distinguished cardinals to the Church.
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Lithuania
An ancient grandy-duchy united with Poland in the fourteenth century.
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Litany of the Saints
The model of all other litanies, of great antiquity.
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Lister
Jesuit writer, b. in Lancashire, about 1559; d. in England, probably before 1628; was the son of
Christopher Lister, of Midhope, Yorks.
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Lismore, School of
Founded in the year 635 by St. Carthach the Younger.
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Lismore
The Diocese of Lismore extends over a territory of 21,000 squire miles in the nort-east of New
South Wales (Australia).
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Lisbon
Patriarchate of Lisbon (Lisbonensis).
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Lipsius, Justus
A philologian and humanist of the Netherlands, b. at Overyssche, 18 Oct., 1547; d. at Louvain, 23
March, 1606.
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Lipsanotheca
A term sometimes used synonymously with reliquary, but signifying, more correctly, the little box
containing the relics, which is placed inside the reliquary.
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Lippomano, Luigi
A cardinal, hagiographer, b. in 1500; d. 15 August, 1559. Of a noble Venetian family, he devoted
himself from his youth to the study of the classical languages and later to the pursuit of the
sacred sciences.
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Lippi, Filippino
Italian painter. (1458-1515)
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Linoe
A titular see of Bithynia Secunda, known only from the "Notitiae Episcopatuum" which
mention it as late as the twelfth and thirteenth centuries as a suffragan of Nicaea.
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Lingard, John
English priest and historian b. at Winchester, 5 February, 1771; d. at Hornby, 17 July, 1851.
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Lindemann, Wilhelm
A Catholic historian of German literature, b. at Schonnebeck near Essen, 17 December, 1828; d. at
Niederkruechten near Erkelenz (Rhine Province) 20 December, 1879.
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Linde, Justin Timotheus Balthasar, Freiherr von
Hessian jurist and stateman, b. in the village of Brilon, Westphalia, 7 Aug., 1797; d. at Bonn
during the night of 8-9 June, 1870.
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Lindanus, William Damasus
Bishop of Ruremonde and of Ghent, b. at Dordrecht, in 1525; d. at Ghent, 2 November, 1588; he was
the son of Damasus van der Lint.
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Lincoln
This see was founded by St. Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury, in 678, when he removed the
Lindiswaras of Lincolnshire from the Diocese of Lindisfarne.
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Lincoln
Suffragan of Dubuque, erected 2 August, 1887, to include that part of the State of Nebraska,
U.S.A., south of the Platte River.
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Linares
In 1777, at the request of Charles III of Spain, Pius VII erected the episcopal See of Linares as
suffragan of the Archdiocese of Mexico.
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Limyra
A titular see of Lycia, and was a small city on the southern coast of Lycia, on the Limyrus, and
twenty stadia from the mouth of this river.
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Limoges
Diocese comprising the Departments of Haute Vienne and Creuse in France.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09263a.htm
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Limbourg, Pol de
A French miniaturist. With his two brothers, he flourished at Paris at the end of the fourteenth
and the beginning of the fifteenth century.
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Lillooet Indians
An important tribe of Salishan linguistic stock, in southern British Columbia.
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Lille
The ancient capital of Flanders, now the chief town of the Département du Nord in France.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09251a.htm
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Lights
Article concerned with the general aspects and in particular with the charge so often levelled
against Catholicism of adopting wholesale the ceremonial practices of the pagan world.
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Liesborn
A former noted Benedictine Abbey in Westphalia, Germany, founded in 815; suppressed in 1803.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09237a.htm
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Liebermann, Bruno Franz Leopold
Catholic theologian, b., at Molsheim in Alsace 12 Oct., 1759; 4. at Strasburg, 11 Nov., 1844.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09235b.htm
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Lieber, Moriz
Politician and publicist, b. at the castle of Blankenheim in the Eifel, 1 Oct., 1790, d. at
Kamberg, in Hesse-Nassau, 29 Dec., 1860.
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Lieber, Ernst Maria
Born at Camberg in the Duchy of Nassau, 16 Nov., 1838; died 31 March, 1902.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09233b.htm
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Lichfield
This diocese took its rise in the conversion of Mercia by St. Cedd and his three companions in 652
and subsequent years.
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Liberia
A republic on the west coast of Africa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09216a.htm
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Liber Diurnus Romanorum Pontificum
A miscellaneous collection of ecclesiastical formularies used in the papal chancery until the
eleventh century.
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Liberatore, Matteo
A philosopher, theologian, and writer, born at Salerno, Italy, 14 August, 1810; died at Rome, 18
October, 1892.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09215a.htm
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Liberalism
A free way of thinking and acting in private and public life.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09212a.htm
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Libellatici, Libelli
The libelli were certificates issued to Christians of the third century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09211a.htm
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Libel
A malicious publication by writing, printing, picture, effigy, sign, or otherwise than by mere
speech, which exposes any living person, or the memory of any person deceased, to hatred, contempt,
ridicule, or obloquy, or which causes or tends to cause any person to be ashamed or avoided, or
which has a tendency to injure any person, corporation, or association of persons, in his, her, or
its business or occupation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09210a.htm
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Lex
While official or private collections of Roman Law made under the Empire are called codices, e. g.
"Codex Theodosianus", probably because they were written on parchment sheets bound
together in book form, the title lex was given to collections of Roman Law made by order of the
barbarian kings for such of their subjects as followed that legislation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09207b.htm
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Le Verrier, Urbain-Jean-Joseph
An astronomer and director of the observatory at Paris, born at Saint Lô, the ancient Briodurum
later called Saint-Laudifanum, in north-western France, 11 May, 1811; died at Paris, 25 September,
1877.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09205b.htm
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Levau, Louis
A contemporary of Jacques Lemercier and the two Mansarts, and the chief architect of the first
decade of Louis XIV's independent reign, born 1612; died at Paris, 10 Oct., 1670.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09205a.htm
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Levadoux, Michael
One of the first band of Sulpicians who, owing to the distressed state of religion in France, went
to the United States and founded St. Mary's Seminary in Baltimore; born at Clermont-Ferrand, in
Auvergne, France, 1 April, 1746; died at Le-Puy-en-Velay, 13 Jan., 1815.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09204c.htm
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Leubus
A celebrated ancient Cistercian abbey, situated on the Oder, northwest of Breslau, in the Prussian
Province of Silesia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09204a.htm
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Letters, Ecclesiastical
Publications or announcements of the organs of ecclesiastical authority, e.g. the synods, more
particularly, however, of popes and bishops, addressed to the faithful in the form of letters.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09202a.htm
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Letourneux, Nicolas
A well-known French preacher and ascetical writer of Jansenistic tendencies, born at Rouen, 30
April, 1640; died at Paris, 28 November, 1686.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09201a.htm
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Le Tellier, Michel
Born 16 October, 1643, of a peasant family, not at Vire as has so often been said, but at Vast near
Cherbourg; died at La Flèche, 2 September, 1719.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09200d.htm
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Lestrange, Louis-Henri de
Born in 1754, in the Château de Colombier-le-Vieux, Ardèche, France; died at Lyons, 16 July,
1827.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09199a.htm
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Lessons in the Liturgy
The reading of lessons from the Bible, Acts of Martyrs, or approved Fathers of the Church, forms an
important element of Christian services in all rites since the beginning.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09193a.htm
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Lessius, Leonard
A Flemish Jesuit and a theologian of high reputation, born at Brecht, in the province of Antwerp, 1
October, 1554; died at Louvain, 15 January, 1623.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09192a.htm
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Leslie, John
Bishop of Ross, Scotland, born 29 September, 1527, died at Guirtenburg, near Brussels 30 May, 1596.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09191b.htm
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Lesina
Diocese in Dalmatia; includes the three islands of Hvar (Lesina), the ancient Pharia colonized by
the Greeks in 385 B.C.; Brac, formerly Brattia or Brachia, also colonized by the Greeks; and Lissa,
formerly Issa.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09191a.htm
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Lescot, Pierre
One of the greatest architects of France in the pure Renaissance style, b. at Paris about 1510; d.
there, 1571.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09190c.htm
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Lescarbot, Marc
French lawyer, writer, and historian, b. at Vervins, between 1565 and 1570; d. about 1629.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09190b.htm
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Lesbi
A titular see in Mauretania Sitifensis, suffragan of Sitifis, or Sétif, in Algeria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09190a.htm
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Leros
Titular see of the Cyclades, suffragan of Rhodes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09189a.htm
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Lerida
Diocese; suffragan of Tarragona.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09188a.htm
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Le Quien, Michel
French historian and theologian, b. at Boulogne-sur-Mer, department of Pas-de-Calais, 8 Oct., 1661;
d. at Paris, 12 March, 1733.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09187a.htm
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Leprosy
A chronic infectious disease caused by the bacillus lepr, characterized by the formation of
growths in the skin, mucous membranes, peripheral nerves, bones, and internal viscera, producing
various deformities and mutilations of the human body, and usually terminating in death.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09182a.htm
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Leo XII, Pope
Born at the Castello della Genga in the territory of Spoleto, 22 August, 1760; died in Rome, 10
February, 1829.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09167a.htm
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Leo IX, Pope
(1049-54), b. at Egisheim, near Colmar, on the borders of Alsace, 21 June, 1002; d. 19 April, 1054.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09160c.htm
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Leo VIII, Pope
Date of birth unknown; d. between 20 February and 13 April, 965.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09160b.htm
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Leo VII, Pope
Date of birth unknown; d. 13 July, 939. A Roman and priest of St. Sixtus, and probably a
Benedictine monk, he was elected pope 3 January, 936.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09160a.htm
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Leo VI, Pope
The exact dates of the election and death of Leo VI are uncertain, but it is clear that he was pope
during the latter half of 928.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09159c.htm
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Leo V, Pope
Very little is known of him. No certainty either as to when he was elected or as to exactly how
long he reigned.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09159b.htm
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Leo IV, Pope
Reigned 847-55.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09159a.htm
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Lentulus, Publius
A fictitious person, said to have been Governor of Judea before Pontius.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09154a.htm
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Le Nourry, Denis-Nicolas
Ecclesiastical writer, b. at Dieppe in Normandy, 18 Feb., 1647; d. at the Abbey of St-Germain in
Paris, 24 March, 1724.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09151b.htm
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Le Moyne, Simon
A Jesuit missionary, b. at Beauvais, 1604; d. in 1665 at Cap de la Madeleine, near Three Rivers.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09149a.htm
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Le Moyne
The name of one of the most illustrious families of the New World, whose deeds adorn the pages of
Canadian history.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09148b.htm
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Lemos, Thomas de
Spanish theologian and controversialist, b. at Rivadavia, Spain, 1555, d. at Rome 23 Aug., 1629.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09148a.htm
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Latin Literature in Christianity (Before the Sixth Century)
The Latin language was not at first the literary and official organ of the Christian Church in the
West. The Gospel was announced by preachers whose language was Greek, and these continued to use
Greek, if not in their discourses, at least in their most important acts.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09023a.htm
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Leo I (the Great), Pope
Reigned 440-461.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09154b.htm
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Loyola, Saint Ignatius
Founder of the Jesuits. (1491-1556)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07639c.htm
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Ludmilla, Saint
Bohemian duchess, grandmother of St. Wenceslaus. Strangled to death by assassins hired by her pagan
daughter-in-law in 921.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09416a.htm
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Lemercier, Jacques
Born at Pontoise, about 1585; died at Paris, 1654. Lemercier shares with Mansart and Le Muet the
glory of representing French architecture most brilliantly under Louis XIII and Richelieu.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09147a.htm
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Lucy, Saint
Virgin and martyr, d. 303 in the Diocletian persecution.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09414a.htm
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Louis IX, Saint
King of France, son of Louis VIII and Blanche of Castile, born at Poissy, 25 April, 1215; died near
Tunis, 25 August, 1270.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09368a.htm
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Louis of Toulouse, Saint
Bishop of Toulouse. (1274-1297)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09385c.htm
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Lorenzo da Brindisi, Saint
St. Lawrence of Brindisi, also known as St. Lorenzo da Brindisi.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09359a.htm
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Linus, Pope Saint
Reigned about A.D. 64 or 67 to 76 or 79.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09272b.htm
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Lidwina, Saint
Biography of this Dutch woman who died in 1433.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09233a.htm
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Lerins, Abbey of
Situated on an island of the same name, now known as that of Saint-Honorat, about a league from the
coast of Provence, in the Department of the Maritime Alps, now included in the Diocese of Nice,
formerly in that of Grasse or of Antibes.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09188b.htm
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Lemcke, Henry
Missionary in the United States, b. at Rhena, Mecklenburg, 27 July, 1796; d. at Carrolltown,
Pennsylvania, 29 November, 1882.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09146a.htm
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Lemberg
Seat of a Latin, a Uniat Ruthenian, and a Uniat Armenian archbishopric.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09144a.htm
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Le Mans
Comprises the entire Department of Sarthe.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09143b.htm
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Le Loutre, Louis-Joseph
A missionary to the Micmac Indians and Vicar-General of Acadia under the Bishop of Quebec, b. in
France about 1690: d. there about 1770.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09143a.htm
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Lelong, Jacques
A French bibliographer, b. at Paris, 19 April, 1665 d. there, 13 Aug., 1721.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09142b.htm
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Lejeune, Jean
Born at Poligny in 1592; died at Limoges, 19 Aug., 1672; member of the Oratory of Jesus, founded by
de Berulle in 1611.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09142a.htm
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Leitmeritz
In Austria, embraces the northern part of the Kingdom of Bohemia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09141a.htm
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Leipzig
Chief town in the Kingdom of Saxony, situated at the junction of the Pleisse, Parthe, and Weisse
Elster.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09138b.htm
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Latin Literature in the Church, Classical
This article deals only with the relations of the classical literature, chiefly Latin, to the
Catholic Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09032a.htm
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Lippe
One of the Confederate States of the German Empire.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09276a.htm
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Lycopolis
A titular see in Thebais Prima, suffragan of Antinoë.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09468a.htm
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Linz
Suffragan of the Archdiocese of Vienna.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09273a.htm
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Luxeuil Abbey
Situated in the Department of Haute-Saône in Franche-Comté, in the Diocese of Besançon.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09467a.htm
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Leontius, Saint
St. Leontius of Fréjus, bishop, d. 488. On good terms with Honoratus, who founded the famous
monastery of Lérins, and with John Cassian and Pope St. Leo I.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09179b.htm
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Lulé Indians
A name which has given rise to considerable confusion and dispute in Argentine ethnology, owing to
the fact, now established, that it was applied at different times to two very different peoples,
neither of which now exists under that name, while the vocabulary which could settle the affinity
of the earlier tribe is now lost.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09428a.htm
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Lucon
Embraces the Department of La Vendée.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09413a.htm
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Luebeck
A free imperial state and one of the Hanse towns, is in area the second smallest and in population
the twentieth state in the German Empire.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09401a.htm
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Lope de Vega Carpio, Félix de
Poet and dramatist, b. at Madrid, 1562; d. 23 Aug., 1635.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09354b.htm
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Lacordaire, Jean-Baptiste-Henri-Dominique
Dominican orator. (1802-1861)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08733a.htm
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Littré, Paul-Maximilien-Emile
A French lexicographer and philosopher; born at Paris, 1 February, 1801; died there, 2 June, 1881.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09295b.htm
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Ligugé
A Benedictine Abbey, in the Diocese of Poitiers, France, was founded about the year A.D. 360, by
St. Martin of Tours.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09247a.htm
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Liège
The first capital of this diocese was Tongres, northeast of Liège; its territory originally
belonged to the Diocese of Trier, then to Cologne; but after the first half of the fourth century
Tongres received autonomous organization.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09236a.htm
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Le Camus, Emile-Paul-Constant-Ange
Preacher, theologian, scripturist, Bishop of La Rochelle and Saintes, b. at Paraza, France, 24
August, 1839; d. at Malvisade, near Castelnaudary, France, 28 September, 1906.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09107a.htm
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Leigh, Blessed Richard
Article on this English priest and missionary to his native land, martyred in 1588.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09138a.htm
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Le Sage, Alain-René
Writer, b. at Sarzeau (Morbihan), 1668; d. at Boulogne-sur-Mer, 1747.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09189b.htm
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Louise de Marillac Le Gras, Saint
Founder of the Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul, d. 1660.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09133b.htm
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Lima
Capital of Peru.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09255a.htm
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Lorea
Titular see in Arabia.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09357a.htm
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Little Flowers of St. Francis of Assissi
The name given to a classic collection of popular legends about the life of St. Francis of Assisi
and his early companions as they appeared to the Italian people at the beginning of the fourteenth
century.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06078b.htm
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Lying
As defined by St. Thomas Aquinas, a statement at variance with the mind.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09469a.htm
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Lenormant, François
Archaeologist; son of Charles Lenormant, b. at Paris, 17 January, 1837; d. there, 9 December, 1883.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09151a.htm
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Loryma
A titular see of Caria, small fortified town and harbour on the coast of Caria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09365a.htm
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Louisville, Diocese of
Comprises that part of Kentucky west of the Kentucky River and western borders of Carroll, Owen,
Franklin, Woodford, Jessamine, Garrard, Rockcastle, Laurel, and Whitley Counties.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09386a.htm
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Lysias
A titular see of Phrygia Salutaris, mentioned by Strabo, XII, 576, Pliny, V, 29, Ptolemy, V, 2, 23,
Hierocles, and the "Notitiae episcopatuum", probably founded by Antiochus the Great about
200 B.C.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09478b.htm
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Longstreet, James
Soldier and Catholic convert. Born 8 January, 1821, at Edgefield, South Carolina, U.S.A.; died at
Gainesville, Georgia, 2 January, 1904.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09354a.htm
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Leonidas, Saint
The Roman Martyrology mentions at least six martyrs named Leonidas or Leonides, the most famous
being St. Leonidas of Alexandria, the father of Origen.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09179a.htm
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L'Hospital, Michael de
Born at Aigueperse, about 1504; d. at Courdimanche, 13 March, 1573. While very young he went to
Italy to join his father, who had been a follower of the traitor, the Constable of Bourbon, in the
camp of Charles V.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09209b.htm
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Leclerc du Tremblay, François
A Capuchin, better known as Pere Joseph, b. in Paris, 4 Nov., 1577; d. at Rueil, 18 Dec., 1638.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09108a.htm
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Louis of Casoria, Venerable
Friar Minor and founder of the Frati Bigi. (1814-1885)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09385a.htm
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Le Tellier, Charles-Maurice
Archbishop of Reims, b. at Turin, 1642; d. at Reims, 1710.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09200c.htm
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Lauds
In the Roman Liturgy of today Lauds designates an office composed of psalms and canticles, usually
recited after Matins.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09038a.htm
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Law, Roman
This subject is briefly treated under the two heads of; I. Principles; II. History.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09079a.htm
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Lottery
A lottery is one of the aleatory contracts and is commonly defined as a distribution of prizes by
lot or by chance.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09366b.htm
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Law, International
Defined to be "the rules which determine the conduct of the general body of civilized states
in their dealings with each other" (American and English Encycl. of Law).
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09073a.htm
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Limburg
Diocese in the Kingdom of Prussia, suffragan of Freiburg.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09260a.htm
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Lyons, Councils of (Introduction)
This article deals only with the two general councils of 1245 and 1275.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09476a.htm
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Lucifer
The name Lucifer originally denotes the planet Venus, emphasizing its brilliance.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09410a.htm
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Loccum
A Cistercian abbey in the Diocese of Minden, formerly in Brunswick but now included in Hanover, was
founded by Count Wilbrand von Hallermund in 1163.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09319a.htm
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Lochleven
A lake in Kinross-shire, Scotland, an island of which, known as St. Serf's Island (eighty acres in
extent), was the seat of a religious community for seven hundred years.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09319b.htm
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Loaves of Proposition
Heb. "bread of the faces", i.e. "bread of the presence (of Yahweh)" (Ex., xxxv,
13; xxxix, 35, etc.), also called "holy bread".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09317b.htm
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Logic
A historical survey from Indian and Pre-Aristotelian philosophy to the Logic of John Stuart Mill.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09324a.htm
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Law, Divine (Moral Aspect of)
That which is enacted by God and made known to man through revelation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09071a.htm
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Lockhart, William
Son of the Rev. Alexander Lockhart of Waringham, Surry; b. 22 Aug., 1820; d. at St. Etheldreda's
Priory, Eby Place, Holborn, London, 15 May, 1892.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09321b.htm
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Law, Civil (Influence of the Church on)
Christianity is essentially an ethical religion; and, although its moral principles were meant
directly for the elevation of the individual, still they could not fail to exercise a powerful
influence on such a public institution as law, the crystallized rule of human conduct.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09066a.htm
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Logos, The
The word Logos is the term by which Christian theology in the Greek language designates the Word of
God, or Second Person of the Blessed Trinity.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09328a.htm
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Leonard of Port Maurice, Saint
Preacher and ascetic writer. (1676-1751)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09178c.htm
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Linens, Altar
The corporal, pall, purificator, and finger towels.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01355a.htm
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Limerick
Diocese in Ireland; includes the greater part of the County of Limerick and a small portion of
Clare.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09262a.htm
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Llanthony Priory
A monastery of Augustinian Canons, situated amongst the Black Mountains of South Wales, nine miles
north-east of Abergavenny.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09316a.htm
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Locke, Matthew
Composer; born at Exeter, in 1629; died August, 1677.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09321a.htm
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Lilienfeld
A Cistercian Abbey south of St. Polten, Lower Austria, founded in 1202 by Leopold the Glorious,
Margrave of Austria, the first monks being supplied from the monastery of Heiligen Kreus near
Vienna.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09247b.htm
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Limbo
A word of Teutonic derivation, meaning literally "hem" or "border," as of a
garment, or anything joined on.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09256a.htm
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Lourdes, Notre-Dame de
The pilgrimage of Lourdes is founded on the apparitions of the Blessed Virgin to a poor,
fourteen-year-old girl, Bernadette Soubiroux. The first apparition occurred 11 February, 1858.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09389b.htm
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Lloyd, Saint John
Welsh priest and martyr, executed at Cardiff, 22 July, 1679.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09316b.htm
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Lippi, Filippo
Italian painter. (1406-1469)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09278a.htm
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Libraries
Collections of books accumulated and made accessible for public or private use.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09227b.htm
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Legate
In its broad signification, means that person who is sent by another for some representative
office. In the ecclesiastical sense it means one whom the pope sends to sovereigns or governments
or only to the members of the episcopate and faithful of a country, as his representative, to treat
of church matters or even on a mission of honour.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09118a.htm
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Low Church
The name given to one of the three parties or doctrinal tendencies that prevail in the Established
Church of England and its daughter Churches, the correlatives being High Church and Broad Church.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09399a.htm
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Lismore and Waterford
Suffragan of Cashel.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15564b.htm
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Litany of Loreto
Long article examines the somewhat murky history of the Litany of Loreto. Also information on
Marian litanies in general.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09287a.htm
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Lilius, Aloisius
Principal author of the Gregorian Calendar, was a native of Cirò or Zirò in Calabria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09247c.htm
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Le Hir, Arthur-Marie
Biblical scholar and Orientalist; b. at Morlaix (Finisterre), in the Diocese of Quimper, France, 5
Dec., 1811; d. at Paris, 13 Jan., 1868.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09133c.htm
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Law, Common
The term is of English origin and is used to describe the juridical principles and general rules
regulating the possession, use and inheritance of property and the conduct of individuals, the
origin of which is not definitely known, which have been observed since a remote period of
antiquity, and which are based upon immemorial usages and the decisions of the law courts as
distinct from the lex scripta; the latter consisting of imperial or kingly edicts or express acts
of legislation.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09068a.htm
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Leavenworth
Suffragan to St. Louis, established, 22 May, 1877.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09102b.htm
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La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, The Duke of
Opposed during the last years of the reign of Louis XV to the government of Maupeou, and the friend
of all the reformers who surrounded Louis XVI, he owed to the influence of these economists the
favour of the king.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09005a.htm
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Lohner, Tobias
Professor of philosophy and speculative theology. Born 13 March, 1619, at Neuötting in the Diocese
of Salzburg; died 26 (probably) May, 1697.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09332a.htm
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Leonard of Limousin, Saint
Also known as St. Leonard of Noblac. According to eleventh-century legend, he was a sixth-century
Frankish nobleman.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09178b.htm
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Land-Tenure in the Christian Era
The way in which land has been held or owned during the nineteen hundred years which have seen in
Europe the rise and establishment of the Church is a matter for historical inquiry. Strictly
speaking, the way in which such ownership or tenure was not only legally arranged, but ethically
regarded, is a matter for historical inquiry also.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08775a.htm
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Liesborn, Master of
A Westphalian painter, who in 1465 executed an altar-piece of note in the Benedictine monastery of
Liesborn, founded by Charlemagne.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09238a.htm
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Lefebvre, Camille
Apostle of the Acadians, b. at St. Philippe, P. Q., 1831; d. at St. Joseph, N. B., 1895.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09113a.htm
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Liberal Arts, The Seven
Chiefly used during the Middle Ages. Doesn't mean arts as the word is understood today, but those
branches of knowledge which were taught in the schools of that time.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01760a.htm
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Leontopolis
A titular archiepiscopal see of Augustamnica Secunda.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09181a.htm
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Liberatus of Carthage
Archdeacon author of an important history of the Nestorian and Monophysite troubles.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09215b.htm
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Libri Carolini
A work in four books (120 or 121 chapters), purporting to be the composition of Charlemagne, and
written about 790-92.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03371b.htm
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Laverdière, Charles-Honoré
French-Canadian historian, born Chateau-Richer, Province of Quebec, 1826; died at Quebec, 1873.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09050a.htm
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Lezana, Juan Bautista de
Theologian, born at Madrid, 23 Nov., 1586; died in Rome, 29 March, 1659.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09209a.htm
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León, Luis de
Spanish poet and theologian, b. at Belmonte, Aragon, in 1528; d. at Madrigal, 23 August, 1591.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09177b.htm
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Lavant
An Austrian bishopric in the southern part of Styria, suffragan of Salzburg.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09049a.htm
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Latera, Flaminius Annibali de
Historian, born at Latera, near Viterbo, 23 November, 1733; died at Viterbo, 27 February, 1813.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09013a.htm
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Lassberg, Baron Joseph Maria Christoph von
A distinguished German antiquary, born at Donaueschingen, 10 April, 1770; died 15 March, 1855.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09011b.htm
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Lombard, Peter
Theologian. (1100-1160)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11768d.htm
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Liessies
A Benedictine monastery near Avesnes, in the Diocese of Cambrai, France (Nord), founded about the
middle of eighth century and dedicated to St. Lambert.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09238b.htm
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Ligamen
The existing marriage tie which constitutes in canon law a public impediment to the contracting of |
