| Directory > Society > Religion and Spirituality > Christianity > Denominations > Catholicism > Reference > Catholic Encyclopedia Words (in Canon Law)
Canonists give many rules for the exact acceptation of words, in order that decrees may be
correctly understood and the extent of their obligation determined.
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Wolff, George Dering
American editor. (1822-1894)
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Wittman, George Michael
Bishop-elect of Ratisbon. (1760-1833)
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World, Antiquity of the
Various attempts have been made to establish the age of the world.
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Wounds, The Five Sacred
The revival of religious life and the zealous activity of St. Bernard and St. Francis in the
twelfth and thirteenth centuries, together with the enthusiasm of the Crusaders returning from the
Holy Land, increased devotion to the Passion of Jesus Christ and particularly to practices in
honour of the Wounds in His Sacred Hands, Feet, and Side.
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Wiseman, Nicholas Patrick
Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster. (1802-1865)
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Winckelmann, Johann Joachim
Archaeologist and historian of ancient art. (1717-1768)
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Widow
Canonical prescriptions concerning widows in the Old Testament refer mainly to the question of
remarriage.
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Woods, Julian Edmund Tenison
Priest and scientist. (1832-1889)
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Witness
One who is present, bears testimony, furnishes evidence or proof.
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Wilmington, Diocese of
Located in Delaware, U.S.A.
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Window, Rose
A circular window, with mullions and traceries generally radiating from the centre, and filled with
stained glasses.
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Will and Testament of Clerics
Roman law allowed clerics to dispose of their property by will or otherwise.
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Walenburch, Adrian and Peter von
Auxiliary bishops of Cologne and celebrated controversial theologians, born at Rotterdam at the
beginning of the seventeenth century.
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Witt, Francis Xavier
Composer and reformer of church music. (1834-1888)
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William the Conqueror
King of England and Duke of Normandy.
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Wood, Thomas
Priest and confessor. (1499-1588)
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Winnebago Indians
A Siouan tribe closely related in speech to the Iowa, Missouri, and Oto, and more remotely to the
Dakota and Ponca.
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Winslow, Jakob Benignus
Physician and anatomist. (1669-1760)
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Williram
Scripture scholar. (d. 1085)
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Wisdom, Daughters of
Founded at Poitiers by Blessed Louis-Marie Grignion de Montfort in 1703.
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Windsor
A town on the Thames, in Berkshire, England; rendered Ventus Morbidus in some medieval documents,
the name being really from the Saxon Windels-or, "winding shore".
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Windesheim
Augustinian monastery in Holland.
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Wilberforce, Robert Isaac
Second son of William Wilberforce, and a younger brother of Samuel Wilberforce.
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Wood-Carving
Discusses the branch of wood-carving dealing with artistic objects, belonging either to plastic (as
statues, crucifixes, and similar carvings), or to industrial art (as arabesques and rosettes), and
which serve mainly for the ornamentation of cabinet work.
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William of Champeaux
Scholastic, philosopher and theologian. (1070-1121)
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Wireker, Nigel
Twelfth-century satirist.
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Wilhelm V
Duke of Bavaria. (1548-1626)
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Windischmann, Friedrich Heinrich Hugo
Orientalist and exegete. (1811-1861)
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Winzet, Ninian
Benedictine abbot and controversial writer. (1518-1592)
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Will
This article discusses will in its psychological aspect.
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Wiest, Stephan
Member of the Order of Cistercians. (1748-1797)
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Wolgemut, Michael
Painter and engraver. (1434-1519)
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William of Ockham
Fourteenth-century Franciscan philosopher.
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William of Digulleville
Fourteenth-century French poet.
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Woodhead, Abraham
English writer. (1609-1678)
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Wimpfeling, Jakob
Humanist and theologian. (1450-1528)
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Wimpina, Konrad
Theologian. (1465-1531)
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Wirt, Wigand
Theologian, born at Frankfort about 1460; died at Steyer, 30 June, 1519.
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Williamites
Name of two minor religious orders.
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William of Wykeham
Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor of England. (1324-1404)
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Wigbod
Theological writer of the eighth century.
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Wilhering, Cistercian Abbey of
Situated on the right bank of the Danube, in the Diocese of Linz, Austria.
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Wilton Abbey
Benedictine convent near Salisbury, England.
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Wartenberg, Franz Wilhelm, Count von
Bishop and cardinal. (1593-1661)
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Wettingen-Mehrerau, Abbacy Nullius of
Cistercian abbey in Austria.
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Wolowski, Louis-François-Michel-Reymond
Polish economist. (1810-1876)
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Will, Free
The question of free will, moral liberty, or the liberum arbitrium of the Schoolmen, ranks amongst
the three or four most important philosophical problems of all time.
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Wiener-Neustadt, Diocese of
Suppressed see in Lower Austria.
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Wilberforce, Henry William
Third son of William Wilberforce, and younger brother of Robert Wilberforce.
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Wilton, Richard
English Trinitarian scholar. (d. 1239)
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Wingham, Thomas
Pianist, organist, composer and teacher. (1846-1893)
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William of Ramsey
A monk of Crowland Abbey.
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Wisdom, Book of
One of the deutero-canonical writings of the Old Testament, placed in the Vulgate between the
Canticle of Canticles and Ecclesiasticus.
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Wise Men (Magi)
The "wise men from the East" who came to adore Jesus in Bethlehem (Matthew 2).
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Wild, Johann
Scriptural commentator and preacher. (1495-1554)
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William Perault
Thirteenth-century French writer and preacher.
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White, Stephen Mallory
American statesman. (1853-1901)
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Willaert, Adrian
Composer. (1480-1562)
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Widukind
Saxon leader, and one of the heads of the Westphalian nobility.
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Wulfram, Saint
Bishop of Sens. (d. 704)
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Werner, Friedrich Ludwig Zacharias
Prussian convert, poet, and pulpit orator. (1768-1823)
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Woodhouse, Blessed Thomas
Martyr who suffered at Tyburn 19 June, 1573.
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Wilgefortis
The legend makes her a Christian daughter of a pagan King of Portugal.
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Windthorst, Ludwig
German statesman. (1812-1891)
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William of Wayneflete
English bishop and chancellor. (d. 1486)
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Windows in Church Architecture
Christian houses of worship required the admission of much light by large openings in the walls,
that is, by windows.
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William of Ware
William de Warre, Guard, Guaro, Varro or Varron.
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William of Conches
Scholastic philosopher and theologian. (b. 1100)
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William of Turbeville
Bishop of Norwich. (1095-1174)
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William of Tyre
Archbishop of Tyre and historian. (1130-1190)
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Winona, Diocese of
Established in 1889, suffragan of St. Paul, in southern Minnesota.
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Woodcock, Venerable John
English Franciscan martyr. (1603-1646)
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Wright, Blessed Peter
English martyr. (1603-1651)
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William of Sens
A twelfth-century French architect, supposed to have been born at Sens.
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William of St-Thierry
Theologian and mystic. (1085-1148)
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William of Malmesbury
Benedictine monk at Malmesbury Abbey.
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Wittman, Patrizius
Catholic journalist. (1818-1883)
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Willems, Pierre
Philologist. (1840-1898)
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William of Poitiers
Norman historian, born of a noted family, at Préaux near Pont Audemer, Normandy, about 1020.
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William of Nangis
Medieval chronicler. (d. 1300)
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William of Newburgh
English historian. (1136-1198)
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Wolstan, Saint
Benedictine, and Bishop of Worcester. (1008-1095)
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Wolfgang, Saint
Bishop of Ratisbon. (934-994)
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William of Vercelli
Founder of the Hermits of Monte Vergine. (1085-1142)
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Winwallus, Saint
Fifth-century Abbot of Landevennec.
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William of Moerbeke
Scholar, Orientalist, philosopher. (1215-1286)
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Wigley, George J.
By profession he was an architect, but subsequently devoted himself to journalism in Paris.
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William of Jumièges
Benedictine historian. (d. 1090)
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Wilcannia, Diocese of
Located in New South Wales, one of the six suffragan sees of Sydney.
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Winnoc, Saint
Abbot of Wormhoult. (d. 716)
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William of Auvergne
Bishop of Paris, medieval philosopher and theologian. (d. 1249)
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War
In its juridical sense, a contention carried on by force of arms between sovereign states, or
communities having in this regard the right of states.
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Willigis, Saint
Archbishop of Mainz. (d. 1011)
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Willibrord, Saint
Bishop of Utrecht, Apostle of the Frisians, and son of St. Hilgis, born in Northumbria. (658-739)
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Willibald and Winnebald, Saints
Members of the Order of St. Benedict.
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White, Charles Ignatius
American editor and historian. (1807-1878)
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William of Auxerre
Thirteenth-century theologian.
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Whipple, Amiel Weeks
American military engineer and soldier. (1818-1863)
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Widukind of Corvey
Historian who lived in the tenth century in the Benedictine Abbey of Corvey, Germany.
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Wichita, Diocese of
Erected in 1887, from the Diocese of Leavenworth.
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William of Perth, Saint
English martyr. (d. 1201)
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William of Paris, Saint
Abbot of Eskill in Denmark.
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William of Norwich, Saint
Born 1132; died 22 March, 1144.
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William of Maleval, Saint
Also known as St. William the Great. Hermit, d. 1157.
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William of Gellone, Saint
Second Count of Toulouse. (755-812)
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William of Ebelholt, Saint
Also called William of Paris or William of the Paraclete. Twelfth-century canon.
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William Lacy, Blessed
Sixteenth-century English priest.
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William Hart, Blessed
English priest. (1558-1583)
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William Filby, Blessed
English martyr. (d. 1582)
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William Exmew, Blessed
Carthusian monk and martyr. (d. 1535)
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Wichita Indians
A confederacy of Caddoan stock, formerly dwelling between the Arkansas River, Kansas, and the
Brazos River, Texas.
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William, Saint
Bishop of St-Brieuc. (1180-1234)
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Worsley, Edward
English Jesuit. (1605-1676)
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William, Saint
Twelfth-century Archbishop of York.
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Wilhelm of Herle
Painter, born at Herle in Dutch Limburg at an unknown date in the fourteenth century.
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Whitsunday
Alternate name for Pentecost.
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Wegg-Prosser, Francis Richard
Prominent English convert. (1824-1911)
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Weld
Name of a prominent English Catholic family.
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Wessenberg, Ignaz Heinrich von
Vicar-General and Administrator of the Diocese of Constance. (1774-1860)
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Whitby, Synod of
A conference at the monastery of St. Hilda at Whitby or Streanoeshalch. King Oswy with Bishops
Colman and Chad represented the Celtic tradition; Alchfrid, son of Oswy, and Bishops Wilfrid and
Agilbert that of Rome.
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Waldenses
An heretical sect which appeared in the second half of the twelfth century.
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Weber, Beda
Benedictine professor, author, statesman. (1798-1859)
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William, Blessed
Abbot of Hirschau. (d. 1091)
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Whitty, Rose
Irish nun. (1831-1911)
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William, Abbot of Marmoutiers
For a time he was Archdeacon of Nantes, but renounced this dignity and became a monk at the
Benedictine monastery of Marmoutiers. (d. 1124)
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Westminster Cathedral
A national expression of religious faith given by Roman Catholics to England.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15599a.htm
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Westeraas, Ancient See of
Located in Sweden.
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Welsh Monastic Foundations
The British church was driven into Wales in the fifth century
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Wichmans, Francis
Belgian Augustinian. (1596-1661)
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Wibald
Medieval Belgian Abbot. (1098-1158)
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William
Abbot of Saint-Bénigne on Dijon. (962-1031)
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Willehad, Saint
Bishop at Bremen. (745-789)
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Widmer, Joseph
Swiss theologian. (1779-1844)
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Whitty, Ellen
Australian nun. (1819-1892)
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Wilfrid, Saint
Bishop of York, son of a Northumbrian thegn, born in 634; died at Oundle in Northamptonshire, 709.
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Westminster, Archdiocese of
Comprises the Counties of Middlesex, Hertfordshire, Essex, and London north of the Thames.
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Wells in Scripture
It is difficult to realize the importance which a country like Palestine attaches to any source of
fresh water.
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Walafrid
German poet and theologian of the ninth century.
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Wales
Located in the western portion of Great Britain.
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Whitty, Robert
English Jesuit. (1817-1895)
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Westminster Abbey
This most famous of all English abbeys is situated within the precincts of the Royal Palace of
Westminster.
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Whithorn Priory
Founded in Scotland in the twelfth century.
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Westcott, Sebastian
English organist. (1524-1583)
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Werden
Suppressed Benedictine monastery.
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White, Stephen
Irish antiquarian and polyhistor. (1574-1646)
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Welsh Church
The term Welsh Church covers "the British Church during the Roman period", "the
British Church during the period of Saxon Conquest", and "the Church of Wales".
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White Fathers
Missionaries of Our Lady of Africa of Algeria.
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Westphalia
Province of Prussia.
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Wilcox, Robert, Venerable
English martyr. (1558-1588)
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Weston, William
Jesuit missionary priest, born at Maidstone.
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White, Thomas
Several of White's opinions were censured by the Inquisition.
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White, Robert
English composer. (1530-1574)
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Warsaw, Archdiocese of
Located in Poland.
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Western Schism
This schism of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries differs in all points from the Eastern
Schism.
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William of St-Amour
Thirteenth-century theologian and controversialist. (d. 1273)
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Wigbert, Saint
Companion of St. Boniface, born in England about 675; died at Hersfeld about 746.
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White, Edward
Grandfather of Stephen Mallory White, born in County Limerick, Ireland, in the latter part of the
eighteenth century; died December, 1863.
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Wigand, Saints
Three saints of this name are mentioned in the Roman Martyrology.
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Whiting, Blessed Richard
Last Abbot of Glastonbury and martyr.
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White, Andrew
Missionary. (1579-1656)
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Wetzer, Heinrich Joseph
Learned Orientalist, born at Anzefahr in Hesse-Cassel. (1801-1853)
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West Virginia
The state bounded by Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, Virginia, and on Kentucky.
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Whitby, Abbey of
Formerly called Streoneshalh. A Benedictine monastery in the North Riding of Yorkshire, England,
founded about 657, as a double monastery, by Oswy, King of Northumberland.
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West Syrian Rite
Used by the Jacobite sect in Syria and by the Catholic Syrians is in its origin simply the old rite
of Antioch in the Syriac language.
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White, Saint Richard
English martyr. (1537-1584)
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White, Saint Eustace
English martyr. (1560-1591) Article includes information on Saint Polydore Plasden, Venerable John
Mason, and Blessed Brian Lacey.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15611b.htm
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Wheeling, Diocese of
Located in West Virginia.
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Welser, Bartholomeus
German merchant prince. (1488-1561)
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Whitbread, Blessed Thomas
English martyr. (1618-1679)
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Westminster, Matthew of
The name given to the supposed author of a well-known English chronicle, the "Flores
Historiarum".
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15597a.htm
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Weber, Karl Maria Friedrich Ernst von
Composer. (1786-1826)
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Wessobrunn
Suppressed Benedictine abbey in Bavaria.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15591a.htm
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Welte, Benedict
Exegete, born at Ratzenried in Würtemberg. (1825-1885)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15587a.htm
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Weiss, Johann Baptist
Historian. (1820-1899)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15577c.htm
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Weathers, William
English bishop. (1814-1895)
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Wolfram von Eschenbach
Middle-High-German epic poet. (d. 1216)
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Whitaker, Venerable Thomas
English martyr. (1614-1646)
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Waterson, Ven. Edward
English martyr. (d. 1594)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15566a.htm
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Weissenau, Monastery of
Suppressed Premonstratensian house in Würtemberg.
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Weislinger, Johann Nikolaus
Polemical writer. (1691-1755)
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Weedall, Henry
English priest. (1788-1859)
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Washing of Feet and Hands
Owing to the general use of sandals in Eastern countries the washing of the feet was almost
everywhere recognized from the earliest times as a duty of courtesy to be shown to guests.
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Walter of St-Victor
Mystic philosopher and theologian of the twelth century.
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Webbe, Samuel
English composer. (1742-1816)
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Wenrich of Trier
Eleventh-century German ecclesiastico-political writer.
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Weingarten
Suppressed Benedictine abbey.
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Welle, Prefecture Apostolic of
Located in the extreme north of Belgian Congo, Africa.
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Winding Sheet of Christ, Feast of the Holy
In 1206 one of the (supposed) Winding Sheets used at the burial of Christ was brought to Besançon
by Otto de La Roche, and the feast of its arrival (Susceptio) was ordered to be kept on 11 July.
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Woman
The position of woman in society has given rise to a discussion which, is known under the name of
the "woman question".
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Wharton, Ven. Christopher
English martyr. (1536-1600)
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Week, Liturgical
The week was regarded as a sacred institution among the Jews owing to the law of the Sabbath rest
and its association with the first chapter of Genesis.
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Weld, Frederick Aloysius
New Zealand colonist. (1823-1891)
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Werburgh, Saint
Benedictine, patroness of Chester, Abbess of Weedon, Trentham, Hanbury, Minster in Sheppy, and Ely,
born in Staffordshire early in the seventh century.(d. 700)
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Wendelin of Trier, Saint
Abbot of Tholey.
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Weber, Heinrich
German Church historian. (1834-1898)
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Wellington, Archdiocese of
Located in New Zealand.
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Woerndle, Von, Family
Philip, Edmund, and August.
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Walburga, Saint
Patroness of Eichstadt, Oudenarde, Furnes, Antwerp, Gronigen, Weilburg, and Zutphen, and is invoked
as special patroness against hydrophobia, and in storms, and also by sailors.
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Way or State
The word state is used in various senses by theologians and spiritual writers.
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Washington, State of
One of the Pacific coast states, popularly known as the "Evergreen State".
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Weis, Nicolaus von
Bishop in Lorraine. (1796-1869)
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Wenceslaus, Saint
Duke, martyr, and patron of Bohemia, born probably 903; died at Alt-Bunzlau, 28 September, 935.
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Warde, Mary Francis Xavier
Irish-American nun. (1810-1884)
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Worcester, Ancient Diocese of
Located in England, created in 680 when, at the Synod of Hatfield under St. Theodore, Archbishop of
Canterbury, the great Mercian diocese was divided into five sees.
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Weitenauer, Ignatius von
Littérateur, exegete, and Orientalist. (1709-1783)
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Wells, Saint Swithin
English martyr. (1536-1591)
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Weber, Friedrich Wilhelm
Physician, poet, statesman. (1813-1894)
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Würtemberg, Kingdom of
Situated between Bavaria and Baden.
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Webb, Benjamin Joseph
Kentucky editor and historian. (1814-1897)
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Winchester, Ancient See of
This diocese came into existence in 635 when the great missionary Diocese of Dorchester, founded by
St. Birinus in 634 for the Kingdom of Wessex, was subdivided into the Sees of Sherborne and
Winchester.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15649c.htm
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Ward, James Harman
The first Union naval officer to fall in the Civil War.
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Ward, Hugh
Irish Hagiographer. (1590-1635)
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Waverley, Cistercian Abbey of
Founded by William Gifford, the first monastery of the Order of Citeaux in England.
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Washington, D.C.
The capital of the United States.
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Wealth, Use of
The term "wealth" is not used here in the technical sense in which it occurs in treatises
on economic subjects.
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Windischmann, Karl Joseph Hieronymus
Philosopher. (1775-1839)
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Wilmers, Wilhelm
Professor of philosophy and theology. (1817-1899)
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Wearmouth Abbey
Benedictine monastery in Durham, England.
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Water, Liturgical Use of
Besides the holy water which is used in rites of blessing, and the water employed in the washing of
feet and hands, and in the baptismal font, water has its recognized place in the ritual of every
Mass.
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Witchcraft
As commonly understood, involves the idea of a diabolical pact or at least an appeal to the
intervention of the spirits of evil.
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Walton, Brian
English Biblical scholar. (1600-1661)
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Watteau, Jean Antoine
French painter. (1684-1721)
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Waterworth, James
English priest. (1806-1876)
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Warham, William
Archbishop of Canterbury. (1450-1532)
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Walsh, William
Bishop of Meath, Ireland.
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Ward, Thomas
English controversialist. (1652-1708)
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Welbourne, Blessed Thomas
English martyr. (d. 1605)
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Way of the Cross
Also called Stations of the Cross, Via Crucis, and Via Dolorosa.
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Wyart, Théophile-Louis-Henri
French Cistercian. (1839-1904)
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Waterford and Lismore
Suffragan of Cashel.
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Waterton, Charles
English naturalist and explorer. (1782-1865)
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Walter, Ferdinand
Jurist, born at Wetzlar. (1794-1879)
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Way, Blessed William
English priest and martyr. (d. 1588)
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Waldseemüller, Martin
Learned humanist and celebrated cartographer. A canon of St-Dié in Lorraine. (1475-1522)
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Waldeck, Principality of
A former state of the German Empire.
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Wittenberg
City and University.
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William of Shoreham
An English religious writer of the Anglo-Norman period, born at Shoreham, near Sevenoaks, in Kent,
in the latter half of the twelfth century.
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Waire, Venerable
English friar and martyr, hanged, drawn, and quartered at St. Thomas Waterings in Camberwell, 8
July, 1539.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15525a.htm
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Ward, William George
English writer and convert. (1812-1882)
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Walter of Merton
Bishop of Rochester and founder of Merton College, Oxford.
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Wallenstein, Albrecht von
Born at Hermanic, Bohemia. (1583-1634)
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Wulfen, Franz Xaver Freiherr von
Botanist. (1728-1805)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15715d.htm
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Wallon Henri-Alexandre
Historian and statesman, born at Valenciennes. (1812-1904)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15539a.htm
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Wolsey, Thomas
Cardinal Archbishop of York. (1471-1530)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15685a.htm
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Walther von der Vogelweide
Minnesinger and old poet, born about 1170; died in 1228.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15545b.htm
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Wangnereck, Heinrich
German theologian, preacher, and author. (1595-1664)
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15546b.htm
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